This CL make WebGPU backend support subgroup features and thus allow
using subgroup optimizations in the future.
### Description
With this CL WebGPU backends will create devices with subgroups and
subgroups-f16 features (both are under origin trial in Chrome) or
chromium-experimental-subgroups feature enabled whenever available.
### Motivation and Context
This CL would allow WebGPU operator shaders to use subgroup
optimizations in the future, and might get some significant speedup with
these optimization.
### Description
See
454996d496
for manual changes (excluded auto-generated formatting changes)
### Why
Because the toolsets for old clang-format is out-of-date. This reduces
the development efficiency.
- The NPM package `clang-format` is already in maintenance mode. not
updated since 2 years ago.
- The VSCode extension for clang-format is not maintained for a while,
and a recent Node.js security update made it not working at all in
Windows.
No one in community seems interested in fixing those.
Choose Prettier as it is the most popular TS/JS formatter.
### How to merge
It's easy to break the build:
- Be careful of any new commits on main not included in this PR.
- Be careful that after this PR is merged, other PRs that already passed
CI can merge.
So, make sure there is no new commits before merging this one, and
invalidate js PRs that already passed CI, force them to merge to latest.
### Description
This PR makes a change in WebGPU backend to validate program uniforms.
It compares the uniform data that comes from the result of
`getRunData()` callback from the program info, with the `ShaderHelper`'s
maintained list of uniform variables.
Fixes a few bugs that found by this check as well.
### Description
This PR expands the graph capture capability to JS EP, which is similar
to #16081. But for JS EP, we don't use the CUDA Graph, instead, we
records all gpu commands and replay them, which removes most of the cpu
overhead to avoid the the situation that gpu waiting for cpu.
mobilenetv2-12 becomes 3.7ms from 6ms on NV 3090 and becomes 3.38ms from
4.58ms on Intel A770.
All limitations are similar with CUDA EP:
1. Models with control-flow ops (i.e. If, Loop and Scan ops) are not
supported.
2. Usage of graph capture is limited to models where-in all ops in the
model can be partitioned to the JS EP or CPU EP and no memory copy
between them.
3. Shapes of inputs/outputs cannot change across inference calls.
4. IObinding is required.
The usage is like below:
Method 1: specify outputs buffers explicitly.
```
const sessionOptions = {
executionProviders: [
{
name: "webgpu",
},
],
enableGraphCapture: true,
};
const session = await ort.InferenceSession.create('./models/mobilenetv2-12.onnx', sessionOptions);
// prepare the inputBuffer/outputBuffer
... ...
const feeds = {
'input': ort.Tensor.fromGpuBuffer(inputBuffer, { dataType: 'float32', dims })
};
const fetches = {
'output': ort.Tensor.fromGpuBuffer(outputBuffer, { dataType: 'float32', dims: [1, 1000] })
};
let results = await session.run(feeds, fetches); // The first run will begin to capture the graph.
// update inputBuffer content
... ...
results = = await session.run(feeds, fetches); // The 2ed run and after will directly call replay to execute the graph.
... ...
session.release();
```
Method 2: Don't specify outputs buffers explicitly. Internally, when
graph capture is enabled, it will set all outputs location to
'gpu-buffer'.
```
const sessionOptions = {
executionProviders: [
{
name: "webgpu",
},
],
enableGraphCapture: true,
};
const session = await ort.InferenceSession.create('./models/mobilenetv2-12.onnx', sessionOptions);
// prepare the inputBuffer
... ...
const feeds = {
'input': ort.Tensor.fromGpuBuffer(inputBuffer, { dataType: 'float32', dims })
};
let results = await session.run(feeds); // The first run will begin to capture the graph.
// update inputBuffer content
... ...
results = = await session.run(feeds); // The 2ed run and after will directly call replay to execute the graph.
... ...
session.release();
We submit kernels in a batch (a fixed number 16 is used except for the
last batch) for better performance. However, timestamp query support is
at pass level so we disable the batch execution in profiling mode in
previous implementation. Actually we can have multiple passes in a batch
so that we don't have to disable batch execution, which is the first
enhancement of this PR.
Furthermore, WebGPU has an extension to support timestamp query inside
passes, which isn't supported by all the platforms (e.g., Windows
supports it, while macOS doesn't). This is expected to have lower cost
compared with multiple passes solution. So this PR also introduce this
support when available.
This PR also refactors some implementation related to kernelInfo, and
try to unify the related kernel names.
### Description
**This PR is a replacement of #17820.**
allow to specify callback for profiling data
*Previous*:
```js
ort.env.webgpu.profilingMode = 'default'; // enable profiling
// profiling data will output to console.
```
*Now*:
```js
ort.env.webgpu.profiling = {
mode: 'default'; // enable profiling
ondata: (data) => {
// .. process the profiling data
}
};
//for each kernel, "ondata" will be called once. only output to console if ondata is not specified.
```
### Description
Currently, we only print the kernelName, which is hard to distinguish
which shader we actually used. For example, GroupedConv/Conv2DMatMul
both belong to Conv kernel. It's not intuitive for profiling.
### Description
This PR fixes the TypeScript type check.
Previously, when I use esbuild to replace webpack (#17745), typescript
typecheck was disabled. This causes a few TypeScript type error checked
in into the code base. This PR fixes the followings:
- Use "Node16" as default "module" value in tsconfig.json, because in
TypeScript v5, `(module == "ES2015" && moduleResolution == "Node16")` is
an invalid combination.
- Set `noUnusedParameters` to true as default. in web override it to
false because multiple code need to be updated ( a following-up PR will
do this )
- set correct project file for 'web/lib/**/*.ts' for ESLint (otherwise
WebGPU types are not populated correctly)
- fix type error in file js/web/lib/wasm/jsep/webgpu/program-manager.ts
- upgrade "@webgpu/types" to latest to fix type error in file
js/web/lib/wasm/jsep/backend-webgpu.ts
- add package script "prebuild" for web to run tsc type check
- add type check in CI yml file
Timestamp-query has a broader support than timestamp-query-in-passes on
all the platforms, including macOS.
Note that to enable timestamp-query, you still need to add switch
"--enable-dawn-features=allow_unsafe_apis" to Chrome. By default, the
lowest 16 bits are masked with 0 (at a granularity about 0.1ms) for
privacy. To get the highest precision, you need to add another switch
"--enable-webgpu-developer-features".
### Description
support using uniform buffer.
This PR allows to use uniform buffer in shader program, so that some
runtime information (eg. input/output shape) is no longer need to be
hardcoded into shader code.
There are 2 commits in this PR:
-
[667f31c](667f31c83d):
framework changes to support uniform buffer, as well as updates in
program manager, gpu data manager and indices helper.
-
[09e1d2a](09e1d2ad1d):
an example change for operator `Transpose` to use input's rank-only
instead of dims as shader key. With this change, model mobilenetv2-12
shader compile times dropped from 71 to 52.
### Description
<!-- Describe your changes. -->
With the label, it's more easier to identify which op causes the error.
Without the label, the error message is like below:
```
Tint WGSL reader failure: :12:5 error: return statement type must match its function return type, returned 'vec4<f32>', expected 'f32'
return W[i2o_W(indices)];
^^^^^^
- While validating [ShaderModuleDescriptor]
- While calling [Device].CreateShaderModule([ShaderModuleDescriptor]).
```
With the label, the error message is like below:
```
Tint WGSL reader failure: :12:5 error: return statement type must match its function return type, returned 'vec4<f32>', expected 'f32'
return W[i2o_W(indices)];
^^^^^^
- While validating [ShaderModuleDescriptor "ConvTranspose2D"]
- While calling [Device].CreateShaderModule([ShaderModuleDescriptor "ConvTranspose2D"]).
```
### Motivation and Context
This change is mainly for debugging. With this change, we can easily
know that `ConvTranspose2D`'s shader has problem from above message.
### Description
This PR contains changes to support error pop and kernel name.
- Add a function `JsepGetNodeName` to allow reading kernel name from JS
to C++
- When in debug mode ( `env.debug = true;` ) or in profiling mode (
`env.webgpu.profilingMode = 'default';` ), kernel name will be read from
ORT; otherwise use the kernel pointer ( a number ) as kernel name to
save calls from JS to C++.
- When in debug mode, WebGPU validation errors will be recorded and if
any error occurs, `inferenceSession.run()` will fail (Promise get
rejected). Behavior when not in debug mode is not changed. This is
because recording errors are not zero-overhead, and GPU validation
errors should occur consistently in and not in debug mode.
- Add `jsepOnRunStart()` and `jsepOnRunEnd()` hook to:
- allow implementation of the features mentioned above.
- pass session ID to backend.
### Description
<!-- Describe your changes. -->
This PR makes sure that only storage buffers are reused. Previously, the
query buffer might also get from the freeBuffers list if there is a
matching size in it. But they are different usage, which results errors.
### Description
<!-- Describe your changes. -->
This PR moves checking profilingMode to each run instead of the
initialization stage. In this way, users can start/stop profiling at any
time. Otherwise, profiling only take effects at the very beginning and
can't be stopped.
### Description
This change introduced the following new components into ONNX Runtime
Web:
- JavaScript Execution Provider (JSEP)
- Asynchronized inferencing execution powered by Emscripten's Asyncify
- WebGPU backend implemented in TypeScript
- initial implementation of kernels:
- elementwise operators (22)
- binary operators (5)
- tensor: Shape, Reshape, Transpose, Gemm
- nn: Conv, {Global}Maxpool, {Global}AveragePool
Code need to be polished. still working on it.
## Q&A
What is JSEP?
> JSEP, aka JavaScript Execution Provider, is a new ONNXRuntime
execution provider that specifically works on Web environment
(browsers). JSEP allows JavaScript code to kick in from various places
when ONNX Runtime inferences a model.
Why JSEP?
> JSEP is a hybrid mode EP that contains both C/C++ and
TypeScript/JavaScript implementation. There are 2 strong reasons why we
introduces JSEP:
> 1. the C/C++ part helps JSEP to leverage ONNX Runtime's capabilities
as much as possible including graph transformer, optimizers and also the
capabilities to fallback to CPU EP. TypeScript/JavaScript helps JSEP to
develop and debug much easier in the browser for the kernel
implementation.
> 2. the requirement of asynchronized execution from JavaScript API (eg.
`buffer.mapAsync()`) makes it impossible to run `OrtRun()` in a
synchronized context (see "async problem" section below). This is done
by using Emscripten's Asyncify.
What is WebGPU?
> WebGPU is the new GPU API that available in browser. It's one of the
only 2 APIs that currently available to access the GPU from browser (the
other is WebGL).
> WebGPU is designed with more advanced and stronger features comparing
to WebGL and is potentially solution that offer the best GPU performance
for model inferencing that currently available.
What is the async problem and why we have the problem?
> The "async problem" is a problem that you cannot call an async
function in a synchronous context. Think about the following C++ code:
> ```c
> // C-style declarations (API)
> typedef void (*ON_COMPLETE)(PVOID state, DATA *data);
> void read_data_from_file(FILEHANDLE file, ON_COMPLETE on_complete);
>
> // implementation
> DATA * my_impl_read_data_from_file_sync(FILEHANDLE file) {
> // how to implement?
> }
> ```
> The answer is, it's impossible to implement this function. Usually we
try to find a sync version API, or launch a thread to call the async
function and sync-wait on the main thread. Unfortunately, in browser
environment, neither is possible.
>
> WebGPU does not offer any synchronized API for data downloading (GPU
to CPU). This is the only operation that MUST be async. As `OrtRun()`
will eventually call into DataTransfer for copy data from GPU to CPU,
and `OrtRun()` is a synchronized function, this cannot be done in normal
way.
What is Emscripten? How is the Asyncify feature resolved the problem?
> Emscripten is the C/C++ compiler for WebAssembly. It's what we use to
compile ORT and generates the WebAssembly artifacts which runs on
browsers.
>
> Asyncify is a [compiler
feature](https://emscripten.org/docs/porting/asyncify.html) that allows
calling async functions from a synchronized context. In short, it
generates code to unwind and rewind call stack to emulate async
execution. With this feature, we are able to call the async function
inside `OrtRun()` call.
## Design Overview
**Inter-op**
JSEP is doing pretty much same thing to just another EP. It exposes an
interface for inter-op with JavaScript, which is defined in
onnxruntime/wasm/js_internal_api.js:
```js
// init JSEP
Module["jsepInit"] = function (backend, alloc, free, copy, copyAsync, createKernel, releaseKernel, run) {
Module.jsepBackend = backend;
Module.jsepAlloc = alloc;
Module.jsepFree = free;
Module.jsepCopy = copy;
Module.jsepCopyAsync = copyAsync;
Module.jsepCreateKernel = createKernel;
Module.jsepReleaseKernel = releaseKernel;
Module.jsepRun = run;
};
```
This simple JavaScript snippet defines all language barrier level
functions that requires by JSEP to achieve implementing kernels and data
transfers using JavaScript inside ONNX Runtime:
- `jsepBackend`: assign the singleton object to webassembly module
- `jsepAlloc` and `jsepFree`: implementation of data transfer's Alloc()
and Free()
- `jsepCopy`: synchronized copy ( GPU to GPU, CPU to GPU)
- `jsepCopyAsync`: asynchronized copy ( GPU to CPU)
- `jsepCreateKernel` and `jsepReleaseKernel`: a corresponding object
that maintained in JS to match lifecycle of Kernel in ORT
- `jsepRun`: OpKernel::Compute() should call into this
The abstraction above allows to tie as little as possible connections
and dependencies between C/C++ and TypeScript/JavaScript.
**Resource Management**
Lifecycle of tensor data and kernels are managed by ORT(C/C++) but the
implementation are left to JavaScript. JavaScript code are responsible
to implement the callbacks correctly.
For WebGPU, the GPU data is managed by JavaScript using a singleton map
(tensot_data_id => GPUBuffer). GPU pipeline is managed as singleton.
Shaders are managed using a singletonmap (shader_key => gpu_program),
while shader_key is generated by cache_key (OP specific, including
attributes) and input shapes.
**about data transfer**
`js::DataTransfer::CopyTensor` implemented to call either synchronized
or asynchronized copy callback, depending on the destination is GPU or
not. Emscripten's macro `EM_ASYNC_JS` is used to wrap the async function
to be called in the synchronized context.
**run kernel in JS**
Kernel class constructor calls once `jsepCreateKernel()` with an
optional per-kernel specific serialization to pass attributes into
JavaScript.
`Compute()` are implemented in a way that a metadata serialization is
performed in a base class and JavaScript code can access the data using
the Emscripten specific builtin macro `EM_ASM_*`.
**disabled features**
memory pattern is force disabled, because the WebGPU data is not
presented by a general memory model (a buffer can be represented by
offset + size).
concurrent run support is disabled. WebGPU is stateful and it also has
async function call. To support concurrent run will significantly
increase the complexity and we don't get any real benefit from it.
**prefer channels last**
JSEP prefers channels last and returns `DataLayout::NHWC` in method
`GetPreferredLayout()`. This will let the graph transformers to
preprocess the graph into a channels last form so that a more optimized
WebGPU shader can be used.
**Testing code**
It's impossible to test JSEP directly because JSEP itself does not
contain any kernel implementation. However, it has the kernel
registration which need to work together with the corresponding
JavaScript code. There are unit tests that run onnx models from
JavaScript API.
---------
Co-authored-by: Scott McKay <skottmckay@gmail.com>
