diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index 63e4f01aa..8230ae93a 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -336,8 +336,10 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "cram-hal-service",
  "cramium-api",
+ "cramium-emu",
  "cramium-hal",
  "log",
+ "modals",
  "num-derive 0.4.2",
  "num-traits",
  "usb-cramium",
@@ -953,7 +955,6 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "cram-hal-service",
  "cramium-hal",
- "gam",
  "ime-plugin-shell",
  "locales",
  "log",
@@ -968,7 +969,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "xous-api-names",
  "xous-api-ticktimer",
  "xous-ipc 0.10.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "xous-pl230",
  "xous-swapper",
 ]
 
@@ -982,8 +982,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "log",
  "num-derive 0.4.2",
  "num-traits",
- "pio",
- "pio-proc",
  "rand_chacha 0.3.1",
  "rand_core 0.6.4",
  "rkyv 0.8.8",
@@ -993,7 +991,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "xous-api-names",
  "xous-api-ticktimer",
  "xous-ipc 0.10.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "xous-pl230",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3241,6 +3238,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "bit_field",
  "blitstr2",
  "cram-hal-service",
+ "cramium-api",
  "cramium-emu",
  "cramium-hal",
  "gam",
@@ -5866,6 +5864,7 @@ name = "usb-cramium"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "cram-hal-service",
+ "cramium-emu",
  "cramium-hal",
  "frunk_core",
  "locales",
diff --git a/libs/cramium-hal/src/axp2101.rs b/libs/cramium-hal/src/axp2101.rs
index fd041bde8..06ac8cb2f 100644
--- a/libs/cramium-hal/src/axp2101.rs
+++ b/libs/cramium-hal/src/axp2101.rs
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ use cramium_api::*;
 pub const AXP2101_DEV: u8 = 0x34;
 
 const REG_DCDC_ENA: usize = 0x80;
+const REG_DCDC_PWM: usize = 0x81;
 const REG_DCDC1_V: usize = 0x82;
 const REG_DCDC2_V: usize = 0x83;
 const REG_DCDC3_V: usize = 0x84;
@@ -281,6 +282,39 @@ impl Axp2101 {
         let data = VBUS_INSERT_MASK | VBUS_REMOVE_MASK;
         i2c.i2c_write(AXP2101_DEV, REG_IRQ_STATUS1, &[data]).map(|_| ())
     }
+
+    pub fn set_pwm_mode(
+        &mut self,
+        i2c: &mut dyn I2cApi,
+        which: WhichDcDc,
+        always: bool,
+    ) -> Result<(), xous::Error> {
+        match which {
+            WhichDcDc::Dcdc5 => Err(xous::Error::BadAddress),
+            _ => {
+                let mut buf = [0u8];
+                i2c.i2c_read(AXP2101_DEV, REG_DCDC_PWM as u8, &mut buf, false).map(|_| ())?;
+                if always {
+                    buf[0] |= 4u8 << (which as usize as u8);
+                } else {
+                    buf[0] &= !(4u8 << (which as usize as u8));
+                }
+                i2c.i2c_write(AXP2101_DEV, REG_DCDC_PWM as u8, &buf).map(|_| ())
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn debug(&mut self, i2c: &mut dyn I2cApi) {
+        let mut buf = [0u8, 0u8];
+        i2c.i2c_read(AXP2101_DEV, REG_DCDC_ENA as u8, &mut buf, false).unwrap();
+        crate::println!("ena|pwm bef: {:x?}", buf);
+        // force CCM mode
+        i2c.i2c_write(AXP2101_DEV, REG_DCDC_ENA as u8, &[buf[0] | 0b0100_0000]).unwrap();
+        // disable spreading, force PWM on DCDC2
+        i2c.i2c_write(AXP2101_DEV, REG_DCDC_PWM as u8, &[(buf[1] & 0b0011_1111) | 0b0000_1000]).unwrap();
+        i2c.i2c_read(AXP2101_DEV, REG_DCDC_ENA as u8, &mut buf, false).unwrap();
+        crate::println!("ena|pwm aft: {:x?}", buf);
+    }
 }
 
 pub fn parse_dcdc_ena(d: u8) -> ([bool; 4], bool, bool) {
diff --git a/libs/ux-api/src/lib.rs b/libs/ux-api/src/lib.rs
index d8195e65f..30a2c7aee 100644
--- a/libs/ux-api/src/lib.rs
+++ b/libs/ux-api/src/lib.rs
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ pub mod cursor;
 mod fontmap;
 pub mod minigfx;
 pub mod platform;
-#[cfg(all(feature = "std", any(feature = "cramium-soc", feature = "hosted-baosec")))]
+#[cfg(all(feature = "std", any(feature = "board-baosec", feature = "hosted-baosec")))]
 pub mod widgets;
 #[cfg(feature = "std")]
 pub mod wordwrap;
diff --git a/libs/ux-api/src/minigfx/clip.rs b/libs/ux-api/src/minigfx/clip.rs
index aab79a69c..8a57cb714 100644
--- a/libs/ux-api/src/minigfx/clip.rs
+++ b/libs/ux-api/src/minigfx/clip.rs
@@ -41,3 +41,35 @@ impl ClipObjectList {
         }
     }
 }
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "derive-rkyv", derive(rkyv::Archive, rkyv::Serialize, rkyv::Deserialize))]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+/// This API relies on an upgraded version of rkyv that was not available when the ClipObjectList
+/// API was defined: we can now just use a `Vec` to do the trick.
+#[cfg(feature = "std")]
+pub struct ObjectList {
+    pub list: Vec<ClipObjectType>,
+}
+#[cfg(feature = "std")]
+impl ObjectList {
+    pub fn new() -> Self { Self { list: Vec::new() } }
+
+    /// The intent was for the push() to be infalliable, but in practice, draw lists could get
+    /// arbitrarily large and some back-pressure is needed to keep the memory allocation within
+    /// bounds that the system can handle. Thus, this method can fail returning the pushed object,
+    /// at which point one should send the draw list to the graphics engine, and retry the push.
+    pub fn push(&mut self, item: ClipObjectType) -> Result<(), ClipObjectType> {
+        // TODO: export the capacity limit of a buffer. The origin of the capacity limit is equal to
+        // the size of a page of memory, plus 256 bytes for "scratch" area for rkyv to work in. I did
+        // try to use the .replace() method with an allocation of a large enough buffer to hold the whole
+        // Vec, but it seems to fail. I think it could be that the scratch space hard-coded into the IPC
+        // library is not big enough...
+        if self.list.capacity() * size_of::<ClipObjectType>() + size_of::<Vec<ClipObjectType>>() < 4096 - 256
+        {
+            self.list.push(item);
+            Ok(())
+        } else {
+            Err(item)
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/libs/ux-api/src/minigfx/handlers.rs b/libs/ux-api/src/minigfx/handlers.rs
index e73a39293..8ee397ddf 100644
--- a/libs/ux-api/src/minigfx/handlers.rs
+++ b/libs/ux-api/src/minigfx/handlers.rs
@@ -70,6 +70,34 @@ pub fn draw_clip_object_list<T: FrameBuffer>(display: &mut T, msg: &mut xous::en
     }
 }
 
+pub fn draw_object_list<T: FrameBuffer>(display: &mut T, msg: &mut xous::envelope::Envelope) {
+    let buffer = unsafe { Buffer::from_memory_message(msg.body.memory_message().unwrap()) };
+    let list_ipc = buffer.to_original::<ObjectList, _>().unwrap();
+    for &item in list_ipc.list.iter() {
+        match item {
+            ClipObjectType::Line(line) => {
+                op::line(display, line, None, false);
+            }
+            ClipObjectType::XorLine(line) => {
+                op::line(display, line, None, true);
+            }
+            ClipObjectType::Circ(circ) => {
+                op::circle(display, circ, None);
+            }
+            ClipObjectType::Rect(rect) => {
+                op::rectangle(display, rect, None, false);
+            }
+            ClipObjectType::RoundRect(rr) => {
+                op::rounded_rectangle(display, rr, None);
+            }
+            #[cfg(feature = "ditherpunk")]
+            _ => {
+                unimplemented!("Object type not yet implemented");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 pub fn line<T: FrameBuffer>(
     display: &mut T,
     screen_clip: Option<Rectangle>,
@@ -166,7 +194,12 @@ pub fn draw_text_view<T: FrameBuffer>(display: &mut T, msg: &mut xous::envelope:
     let mut tv = buffer.to_original::<TextView, _>().unwrap();
 
     if tv.clip_rect.is_none() {
-        return;
+        if cfg!(feature = "hosted-baosec") || cfg!(feature = "cramium-soc") || cfg!(feature = "board-baosec")
+        {
+            tv.clip_rect = Some(Rectangle::new(Point::new(0, 0), display.dimensions()));
+        } else {
+            return;
+        }
     } // if no clipping rectangle is specified, nothing to draw
 
     // this is the clipping rectangle of the canvas in screen coordinates
diff --git a/libs/ux-api/src/service/api.rs b/libs/ux-api/src/service/api.rs
index 9cd9568f5..c64cd4f43 100644
--- a/libs/ux-api/src/service/api.rs
+++ b/libs/ux-api/src/service/api.rs
@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ impl Gid {
     pub fn new(id: [u32; 4]) -> Self { Gid { gid: id } }
 
     pub fn gid(&self) -> [u32; 4] { self.gid }
+
+    pub fn dummy() -> Self { Gid { gid: [0xdead, 0xbeef, 0xdead, 0xbeef] } }
 }
 impl Hash for Gid {
     fn hash<H>(&self, state: &mut H)
@@ -89,6 +91,12 @@ pub enum GfxOpcode {
     /// Handle Camera IRQs
     CamIrq,
 
+    /// V2 API for claiming ownership of screen for modal operation
+    AcquireModal,
+    ReleaseModal,
+    /// V2 API for fast drawing of multiple objects
+    UnclippedObjectList,
+
     /// Gutter for invalid calls
     InvalidCall,
 
diff --git a/libs/ux-api/src/service/gfx.rs b/libs/ux-api/src/service/gfx.rs
index f70a095c3..3f3b20a0b 100644
--- a/libs/ux-api/src/service/gfx.rs
+++ b/libs/ux-api/src/service/gfx.rs
@@ -310,6 +310,31 @@ impl Gfx {
         Ok(())
     }
 
+    /// Bounds computation does no checks on security since it's a non-drawing operation. While normal drawing
+    /// always takes the bounds from the canvas, the caller can specify a clip_rect in this tv, instead of
+    /// drawing the clip_rect from the Canvas associated with the tv.
+    pub fn bounds_compute_textview(&self, tv: &mut TextView) -> Result<(), xous::Error> {
+        let mut tv_query = tv.clone();
+        tv_query.set_dry_run(true);
+        let mut buf = Buffer::into_buf(tv_query).or(Err(xous::Error::InternalError))?;
+        buf.lend_mut(self.conn, GfxOpcode::DrawTextView.to_u32().unwrap())
+            .or(Err(xous::Error::InternalError))?;
+        let tvr = buf.to_original::<TextView, _>().unwrap();
+
+        tv.cursor = tvr.cursor;
+        tv.bounds_computed = tvr.bounds_computed;
+        tv.overflow = tvr.overflow;
+        // don't update the animation state when just computing the textview bounds
+        // tv.busy_animation_state = tvr.busy_animation_state;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Clear the screen in a device-optimized fashion. The exact background color depends on the device.
+    pub fn clear(&self) -> Result<(), xous::Error> {
+        send_message(self.conn, Message::new_scalar(GfxOpcode::Clear.to_usize().unwrap(), 0, 0, 0, 0))
+            .map(|_| ())
+    }
+
     /// Draws a line with clipping.
     ///
     /// This function sends a message to the graphics server to draw the specified `Line` within the specified
@@ -665,6 +690,33 @@ impl Gfx {
                 .expect("couldn't pop");
         }
     }
+
+    /// This will cause the caller to block until it is granted a lock on the modal state.
+    ///
+    /// This is a v2-only API. Calling it on a v1 system will cause a panic.
+    pub fn acquire_modal(&self) -> Result<xous::Result, xous::Error> {
+        send_message(
+            self.conn,
+            Message::new_blocking_scalar(GfxOpcode::AcquireModal.to_usize().unwrap(), 0, 0, 0, 0),
+        )
+    }
+
+    /// This is a v2-only API. Calling it on a v1 system will cause a panic.
+    pub fn release_modal(&self) -> Result<xous::Result, xous::Error> {
+        send_message(self.conn, Message::new_scalar(GfxOpcode::ReleaseModal.to_usize().unwrap(), 0, 0, 0, 0))
+    }
+
+    /// V2-only API
+    pub fn draw_object_list(&self, list: ObjectList) -> Result<(), xous::Error> {
+        let buf = match Buffer::into_buf(list) {
+            Ok(b) => b,
+            Err(e) => {
+                log::error!("err: {:?}", e);
+                panic!("error")
+            }
+        };
+        buf.lend(self.conn, GfxOpcode::UnclippedObjectList.to_u32().unwrap()).map(|_| ())
+    }
 }
 
 use core::sync::atomic::{AtomicU32, Ordering};
diff --git a/libs/ux-api/src/widgets/action.rs b/libs/ux-api/src/widgets/action.rs
index 854ed07af..15694e583 100644
--- a/libs/ux-api/src/widgets/action.rs
+++ b/libs/ux-api/src/widgets/action.rs
@@ -24,8 +24,10 @@ pub enum ActionType {
 
 #[enum_dispatch]
 pub trait ActionApi {
-    fn height(&self, glyph_height: i16, margin: i16, _modal: &Modal) -> i16 { glyph_height + margin * 2 }
-    fn redraw(&self, _at_height: i16, _modal: &Modal) { unimplemented!() }
+    fn height(&self, glyph_height: isize, margin: isize, _modal: &Modal) -> isize {
+        glyph_height + margin * 2
+    }
+    fn redraw(&self, _at_height: isize, _modal: &Modal) { unimplemented!() }
     fn close(&mut self) {}
     fn is_password(&self) -> bool { false }
     /// navigation is one of '∴' | '←' | '→' | '↑' | '↓'
diff --git a/libs/ux-api/src/widgets/modal.rs b/libs/ux-api/src/widgets/modal.rs
index f230c1c98..275fe9b3e 100644
--- a/libs/ux-api/src/widgets/modal.rs
+++ b/libs/ux-api/src/widgets/modal.rs
@@ -4,10 +4,23 @@ use blitstr2::{GlyphStyle, glyph_height_hint};
 use xous_ipc::Buffer;
 
 use super::*;
+use crate::minigfx::op::HEIGHT;
 use crate::minigfx::*;
 use crate::platform::{LINES, WIDTH};
+use crate::service::api::Gid;
+use crate::service::gfx::Gfx;
+
+#[derive(Debug, num_derive::FromPrimitive, num_derive::ToPrimitive)]
+pub enum ModalOpcode {
+    // if changes are made here, also update MenuOpcode
+    Redraw = 0x4000_0000, /* set the high bit so that "standard" enums don't conflict with the
+                           * Modal-specific opcodes */
+    Rawkeys,
+    Quit,
+}
 
 pub struct Modal<'a> {
+    pub gfx: Gfx,
     pub top_text: Option<TextView>,
     pub bot_text: Option<TextView>,
     pub action: ActionType,
@@ -56,7 +69,9 @@ impl<'a> Modal<'a> {
 
         // we now have a canvas that is some minimal height, but with the final width as allowed by the GAM.
         // compute the final height based upon the contents within.
+        let xns = xous_names::XousNames::new().unwrap();
         let mut modal = Modal {
+            gfx: Gfx::new(&xns).unwrap(),
             top_text: None,
             bot_text: None,
             action,
@@ -82,18 +97,88 @@ impl<'a> Modal<'a> {
         modal
     }
 
-    pub fn activate(&self) {
-        todo!();
+    pub fn activate(&mut self) {
+        self.gfx.acquire_modal().expect("Couldn't acquire lock on graphics subsystem");
+        self.gfx.clear().ok();
+        self.redraw();
+        self.gfx.flush().ok();
     }
 
     pub fn redraw(&mut self) {
+        let do_redraw = self.top_dirty || self.bot_dirty || self.inverted;
+        if do_redraw {
+            self.gfx.clear().unwrap();
+        }
+        let mut cur_height = self.margin;
+        if let Some(mut tv) = self.top_text.as_mut() {
+            if do_redraw {
+                self.gfx.draw_textview(&mut tv).expect("couldn't draw text");
+                if let Some(bounds) = tv.bounds_computed {
+                    let y = bounds.br.y - bounds.tl.y;
+                    let y_clip = if y > HEIGHT - self.line_height * 3 {
+                        log::warn!("overside text, clipping back {}", HEIGHT - (self.line_height * 2));
+                        HEIGHT - (self.line_height * 2)
+                    } else {
+                        y
+                    };
+                    cur_height += y_clip;
+                    log::trace!("top_tv height: {}", y_clip);
+                    self.top_memoized_height = Some(y_clip);
+                } else {
+                    log::warn!("text bounds didn't compute setting to max");
+                    self.top_memoized_height = Some(HEIGHT - (self.line_height * 2));
+                }
+                self.top_dirty = false;
+            } else {
+                cur_height +=
+                    self.top_memoized_height.expect("internal error: memoization didn't work correctly");
+            }
+        } else {
+            self.top_dirty = false;
+        }
+
+        let action_height = self.action.height(self.line_height, self.margin, &self);
+        if !do_redraw {
+            self.gfx.clear().unwrap();
+        }
+
         let action_resolver: Box<&dyn ActionApi> = Box::new(&self.action);
-        action_resolver.redraw(0, &self);
-        todo!();
+        action_resolver.redraw(cur_height, &self);
+
+        cur_height += action_height;
+
+        if let Some(mut tv) = self.bot_text.as_mut() {
+            if do_redraw {
+                self.gfx.draw_textview(&mut tv).expect("couldn't draw text");
+                if let Some(bounds) = tv.bounds_computed {
+                    cur_height += bounds.br.y - bounds.tl.y;
+                    self.bot_memoized_height = Some(bounds.br.y - bounds.tl.y);
+                }
+                self.bot_dirty = false;
+            } else {
+                cur_height +=
+                    self.bot_memoized_height.expect("internal error: memoization didn't work correctly");
+            }
+        } else {
+            self.bot_dirty = false;
+        }
+        log::trace!("total height: {}", cur_height);
+        log::trace!("modal redraw##");
+        self.gfx.flush().unwrap();
     }
 
     pub fn key_event(&mut self, keys: [char; 4]) {
-        todo!();
+        for &k in keys.iter() {
+            if k != '\u{0}' {
+                log::debug!("got key '{}'", k);
+                let action_resolver: Box<&mut dyn ActionApi> = Box::new(&mut self.action);
+                let err = action_resolver.key_action(k);
+                if let Some(err_msg) = err {
+                    self.modify(None, None, false, Some(&err_msg), false, None);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        self.redraw();
     }
 
     /// This empowers an action within a modal to potentially consume all the available height in a canvas
@@ -169,14 +254,13 @@ impl<'a> Modal<'a> {
         } else {
             self.style
         };
+        layout(self, top_text, bot_text, style);
     }
 }
 
 pub fn screen_bounds() -> Point { Point::new(WIDTH as isize, LINES as isize) }
 
 // comment this out while I figure out how to shim in the HAL layer for the graphics emulation
-fn layout(modal: &mut Modal, top_text: Option<&str>, bot_text: Option<&str>, style: GlyphStyle) {}
-/*
 fn layout(modal: &mut Modal, top_text: Option<&str>, bot_text: Option<&str>, style: GlyphStyle) {
     // we need to set a "max" size to our modal box, so that the text computations don't fail later on
     let current_bounds = screen_bounds();
@@ -194,34 +278,41 @@ fn layout(modal: &mut Modal, top_text: Option<&str>, bot_text: Option<&str>, sty
     log::trace!("step 0 total_height: {}", total_height);
     // compute height of top_text, if any
     if let Some(top_str) = top_text {
-        let mut top_tv = TextView::new(TextBounds::GrowableFromTl(
-            Point::new(modal.margin, modal.margin),
-            (modal.canvas_width - modal.margin * 2) as u16,
-        ));
-        top_tv.draw_border = false;
-        top_tv.style = style;
-        top_tv.margin = Point::new(0, 0); // all margin already accounted for in the raw bounds of the text drawing
-        top_tv.ellipsis = false;
-        top_tv.invert = modal.inverted;
-        // specify a clip rect that's the biggest possible allowed. If we don't do this, the current canvas
-        // bounds are used, and the operation will fail if the text has to get bigger.
-        top_tv.clip_rect = Some(Rectangle::new(
-            Point::new(0, 0),
-            Point::new(current_bounds.x, LINES - 2 * modal.line_height),
-        ));
-        write!(top_tv.text, "{}", top_str).unwrap();
+        if top_str.len() > 0 {
+            let mut top_tv = TextView::new(
+                Gid::dummy(),
+                TextBounds::GrowableFromTl(
+                    Point::new(modal.margin, modal.margin),
+                    (modal.canvas_width - modal.margin * 2) as u16,
+                ),
+            );
+            top_tv.draw_border = false;
+            top_tv.style = style;
+            top_tv.margin = Point::new(0, 0); // all margin already accounted for in the raw bounds of the text drawing
+            top_tv.ellipsis = false;
+            top_tv.invert = true;
+            // specify a clip rect that's the biggest possible allowed. If we don't do this, the current
+            // canvas bounds are used, and the operation will fail if the text has to get bigger.
+            top_tv.clip_rect = Some(Rectangle::new(
+                Point::new(0, 0),
+                Point::new(current_bounds.x, LINES - 2 * modal.line_height),
+            ));
+            write!(top_tv.text, "{}", top_str).unwrap();
 
-        log::trace!("posting top tv: {:?}", top_tv);
-        modal.gam.bounds_compute_textview(&mut top_tv).expect("couldn't simulate top text size");
-        if let Some(bounds) = top_tv.bounds_computed {
-            log::trace!("top_tv bounds computed {}", bounds.br.y - bounds.tl.y);
-            total_height += bounds.br.y - bounds.tl.y;
+            log::trace!("posting top tv: {:?}", top_tv);
+            modal.gfx.bounds_compute_textview(&mut top_tv).expect("couldn't simulate top text size");
+            if let Some(bounds) = top_tv.bounds_computed {
+                log::trace!("top_tv bounds computed {}", bounds.br.y - bounds.tl.y);
+                total_height += bounds.br.y - bounds.tl.y;
+            } else {
+                log::warn!("couldn't compute height for modal top_text: {:?}", top_tv);
+                // probably should find a better way to deal with this.
+                total_height += LINES - (modal.line_height * 2);
+            }
+            modal.top_text = Some(top_tv);
         } else {
-            log::warn!("couldn't compute height for modal top_text: {:?}", top_tv);
-            // probably should find a better way to deal with this.
-            total_height += LINES - (modal.line_height * 2);
+            modal.top_text = None;
         }
-        modal.top_text = Some(top_tv);
     }
     total_height += modal.margin;
 
@@ -235,15 +326,18 @@ fn layout(modal: &mut Modal, top_text: Option<&str>, bot_text: Option<&str>, sty
     // compute height of bot_text, if any
     log::trace!("step 2 total_height: {}", total_height);
     if let Some(bot_str) = bot_text {
-        let mut bot_tv = TextView::new(TextBounds::GrowableFromTl(
-            Point::new(modal.margin, total_height),
-            (modal.canvas_width - modal.margin * 2) as u16,
-        ));
+        let mut bot_tv = TextView::new(
+            Gid::dummy(),
+            TextBounds::GrowableFromTl(
+                Point::new(modal.margin, total_height),
+                (modal.canvas_width - modal.margin * 2) as u16,
+            ),
+        );
         bot_tv.draw_border = false;
         bot_tv.style = style;
         bot_tv.margin = Point::new(0, 0); // all margin already accounted for in the raw bounds of the text drawing
         bot_tv.ellipsis = false;
-        bot_tv.invert = modal.inverted;
+        bot_tv.invert = true;
         // specify a clip rect that's the biggest possible allowed. If we don't do this, the current canvas
         // bounds are used, and the operation will fail if the text has to get bigger.
         bot_tv.clip_rect = Some(Rectangle::new(
@@ -253,7 +347,7 @@ fn layout(modal: &mut Modal, top_text: Option<&str>, bot_text: Option<&str>, sty
         write!(bot_tv.text, "{}", bot_str).unwrap();
 
         log::trace!("posting bot tv: {:?}", bot_tv);
-        modal.gam.bounds_compute_textview(&mut bot_tv).expect("couldn't simulate bot text size");
+        modal.gfx.bounds_compute_textview(&mut bot_tv).expect("couldn't simulate bot text size");
         if let Some(bounds) = bot_tv.bounds_computed {
             total_height += bounds.br.y - bounds.tl.y;
         } else {
@@ -265,4 +359,3 @@ fn layout(modal: &mut Modal, top_text: Option<&str>, bot_text: Option<&str>, sty
     }
     log::trace!("step 3 total_height: {}", total_height);
 }
-*/
diff --git a/libs/ux-api/src/widgets/notification.rs b/libs/ux-api/src/widgets/notification.rs
index 2598ba613..0452fe2d9 100644
--- a/libs/ux-api/src/widgets/notification.rs
+++ b/libs/ux-api/src/widgets/notification.rs
@@ -4,12 +4,16 @@ use locales::t;
 use qrcode::{Color, QrCode};
 
 use super::*;
+use crate::minigfx::op::{HEIGHT, WIDTH};
 use crate::minigfx::*;
+use crate::service::api::*;
+use crate::service::gfx::Gfx;
 
-pub(crate) const QUIET_MODULES: i16 = 2;
+pub(crate) const QUIET_MODULES: isize = 2;
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct Notification {
+    pub gfx: Gfx,
     pub action_conn: xous::CID,
     pub action_opcode: u32,
     pub is_password: bool,
@@ -19,7 +23,9 @@ pub struct Notification {
 }
 impl Notification {
     pub fn new(action_conn: xous::CID, action_opcode: u32) -> Self {
+        let xns = xous_names::XousNames::new().unwrap();
         Notification {
+            gfx: Gfx::new(&xns).unwrap(),
             action_conn,
             action_opcode,
             is_password: false,
@@ -62,14 +68,137 @@ impl Notification {
         }
     }
 
-    fn draw_text(&self, at_height: i16, modal: &Modal) {
-        todo!();
+    fn draw_text(&self, at_height: isize, modal: &Modal) {
+        // prime a textview with the correct general style parameters
+        let mut tv = TextView::new(Gid::dummy(), TextBounds::BoundingBox(Rectangle::new_coords(0, 0, 1, 1)));
+        tv.ellipsis = true;
+        tv.style = modal.style;
+        tv.invert = true;
+        tv.draw_border = false;
+        tv.margin = Point::new(0, 0);
+        tv.insertion = None;
+
+        tv.bounds_computed = None;
+        tv.bounds_hint = TextBounds::GrowableFromTl(
+            Point::new(modal.margin, at_height + modal.margin * 2),
+            (modal.canvas_width - modal.margin * 2) as u16,
+        );
+        write!(tv, "{}", t!("notification.dismiss", locales::LANG)).unwrap();
+        self.gfx.bounds_compute_textview(&mut tv).expect("couldn't simulate text size");
+        let textwidth = if let Some(bounds) = tv.bounds_computed {
+            bounds.br.x - bounds.tl.x
+        } else {
+            modal.canvas_width - modal.margin * 2
+        };
+        let offset = (modal.canvas_width - textwidth) / 2;
+        tv.bounds_computed = None;
+        tv.bounds_hint = TextBounds::BoundingBox(Rectangle::new(
+            Point::new(offset, at_height + modal.margin * 2),
+            Point::new(modal.canvas_width - modal.margin, at_height + modal.line_height + modal.margin * 2),
+        ));
+        self.gfx.draw_textview(&mut tv).expect("couldn't post tv");
     }
 
-    fn draw_qrcode(&self, at_height: i16, modal: &Modal) {
-        todo!();
+    fn draw_qrcode(&self, at_height: isize, modal: &Modal) {
+        // calculate pixel size of each module in the qrcode
+        let qrcode_modules: isize = self.qrwidth.try_into().unwrap();
+        let modules: isize = qrcode_modules + 2 * QUIET_MODULES;
+        let canvas_width = modal.canvas_width - 2 * modal.margin;
+        let mod_size_px: isize = canvas_width / modules;
+        let qrcode_width_px = qrcode_modules * mod_size_px;
+        let quiet_px: isize = (canvas_width - qrcode_width_px) / 2;
+
+        // Iterate thru qrcode and stamp each square module like a typewriter
+        let black = DrawStyle::new(PixelColor::Dark, PixelColor::Dark, 1);
+        let top = at_height + quiet_px;
+
+        // draw a white background over the whole screen
+        self.gfx
+            .draw_rectangle(Rectangle::new_with_style(
+                Point::new(0, at_height),
+                Point::new(WIDTH, HEIGHT),
+                DrawStyle::new(PixelColor::Light, PixelColor::Light, 1),
+            ))
+            .unwrap();
+
+        let left = modal.margin + quiet_px;
+        let right = left + qrcode_modules * mod_size_px;
+        let mut module =
+            Rectangle::new_with_style(Point::new(0, 0), Point::new(mod_size_px - 1, mod_size_px - 1), black);
+        let step = Point::new(mod_size_px, 0);
+        let cr_lf = Point::new(-qrcode_modules * mod_size_px, mod_size_px);
+        let mut j: isize;
+        let mut obj_list = ObjectList::new();
+        module.translate(Point::new(right, top));
+        for (i, stamp) in self.qrcode.iter().enumerate() {
+            j = i.try_into().unwrap();
+            if j % qrcode_modules == 0 {
+                module.translate(cr_lf);
+            }
+            if *stamp {
+                if obj_list.push(ClipObjectType::Rect(module.clone())).is_err() {
+                    // the capacity of the list has exceeded the capacity of the buffer, send it and make a
+                    // new one
+                    self.gfx.draw_object_list(obj_list).expect("couldn't draw qrcode module");
+                    obj_list = ObjectList::new();
+                    obj_list.push(ClipObjectType::Rect(module.clone())).unwrap();
+                };
+            }
+            module.translate(step);
+        }
+        self.gfx.draw_object_list(obj_list).expect("couldn't draw qrcode module");
     }
 }
 
 use crate::widgets::ActionApi;
-impl ActionApi for Notification {}
+impl ActionApi for Notification {
+    fn redraw(&self, at_height: isize, modal: &Modal) {
+        if self.qrwidth > 0 {
+            self.draw_qrcode(at_height, modal);
+        } else {
+            if self.manual_dismiss {
+                self.draw_text(at_height, modal);
+                modal
+                    .gfx
+                    .draw_line(Line::new_with_style(
+                        Point::new(modal.margin, at_height + modal.margin),
+                        Point::new(modal.canvas_width - modal.margin, at_height + modal.margin),
+                        DrawStyle::new(PixelColor::Light, PixelColor::Light, 1),
+                    ))
+                    .expect("couldn't draw entry line");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn key_action(&mut self, k: char) -> Option<ValidatorErr> {
+        log::trace!("key_action: {}", k);
+        match k {
+            '\u{0}' => {
+                // ignore null messages
+            }
+            _ => {
+                // relinquish focus before returning the result
+                if self.manual_dismiss {
+                    self.gfx.release_modal().unwrap();
+                    xous::yield_slice();
+                }
+
+                xous::send_message(
+                    self.action_conn,
+                    xous::Message::new_scalar(self.action_opcode as usize, k as u32 as usize, 0, 0, 0),
+                )
+                .expect("couldn't pass on dismissal");
+                if self.manual_dismiss {
+                    return None;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        None
+    }
+
+    fn height(&self, _glyph_height: isize, margin: isize, _modal: &Modal) -> isize {
+        if self.qrwidth > 0 { HEIGHT } else { margin }
+    }
+
+    fn set_action_opcode(&mut self, op: u32) { self.action_opcode = op }
+}
diff --git a/libs/ux-api/src/wordwrap.rs b/libs/ux-api/src/wordwrap.rs
index e0057a89e..d9a5ebcda 100644
--- a/libs/ux-api/src/wordwrap.rs
+++ b/libs/ux-api/src/wordwrap.rs
@@ -160,18 +160,20 @@ impl ComposedType {
                     let cr =
                         ClipRect::new(clip_rect.tl().x, clip_rect.tl().y, clip_rect.br().x, clip_rect.br().y);
                     let rawbuf = unsafe { frbuf.raw_mut() };
-                    if glyph.large {
-                        blitstr2::xor_glyph_large(
-                            rawbuf,
-                            (maybe_x, maybe_y),
-                            glyph,
-                            glyph.invert ^ invert,
-                            cr,
-                        );
-                    } else if !glyph.double {
-                        blitstr2::xor_glyph(rawbuf, (maybe_x, maybe_y), glyph, glyph.invert ^ invert, cr);
+                    let char_invert = if cfg!(feature = "hosted-baosec") || cfg!(feature = "board-baosec") {
+                        // OLED display background is black for power savings, so all polarities of drawing
+                        // need to be allowed
+                        true
                     } else {
-                        blitstr2::xor_glyph_2x(rawbuf, (maybe_x, maybe_y), glyph, glyph.invert ^ invert, cr);
+                        glyph.invert ^ invert
+                    };
+
+                    if glyph.large {
+                        blitstr2::xor_glyph_large(rawbuf, (maybe_x, maybe_y), glyph, char_invert, cr);
+                    } else if !glyph.double {
+                        blitstr2::xor_glyph(rawbuf, (maybe_x, maybe_y), glyph, char_invert, cr);
+                    } else {
+                        blitstr2::xor_glyph_2x(rawbuf, (maybe_x, maybe_y), glyph, char_invert, cr);
                     }
                     // Platform-dependent cursor inversion because the color scheme for sh1107 doesn't comply
                     // to precursor norms
diff --git a/loader/src/platform/cramium/cramium.rs b/loader/src/platform/cramium/cramium.rs
index 301fdcf7d..d311709da 100644
--- a/loader/src/platform/cramium/cramium.rs
+++ b/loader/src/platform/cramium/cramium.rs
@@ -329,6 +329,9 @@ pub fn early_init() -> u32 {
             };
         }
         if let Some(mut pmic) = pmic {
+            // disable CCM, force PWM on for DCDC2 - required for rail stability
+            pmic.set_pwm_mode(&mut i2c, cramium_hal::axp2101::WhichDcDc::Dcdc2, true).unwrap();
+
             pmic.set_ldo(&mut i2c, Some(2.5), cramium_hal::axp2101::WhichLdo::Aldo2).unwrap();
             pmic.set_dcdc(&mut i2c, Some((1.2, false)), cramium_hal::axp2101::WhichDcDc::Dcdc4).unwrap();
             crate::println!("AXP2101 configure: {:?}", pmic);
diff --git a/services/bao-console/Cargo.toml b/services/bao-console/Cargo.toml
index 0a6af484b..cc52dbf19 100644
--- a/services/bao-console/Cargo.toml
+++ b/services/bao-console/Cargo.toml
@@ -12,11 +12,32 @@ log-server = { package = "xous-api-log", version = "0.1.63" }
 log = "0.4.14"
 num-derive = { version = "0.4.2", default-features = false }
 num-traits = { version = "0.2.14", default-features = false }
-cramium-hal = { path = "../../libs/cramium-hal", features = ["std"] }
+cramium-hal = { path = "../../libs/cramium-hal", features = [
+    "std",
+], optional = true }
 cramium-api = { path = "../../libs/cramium-api" }
-cram-hal-service = { path = "../cram-hal-service" }
+cram-hal-service = { path = "../cram-hal-service", optional = true }
+cramium-emu = { path = "../cramium-emu", optional = true }
 usb-cramium = { path = "../usb-cramium" }
+modals = { path = "../modals", default-features = false }
 
 [features]
-cramium-soc = ["utralib/cramium-soc"]
+cramium-soc = [
+    "utralib/cramium-soc",
+    "modals/cramium-soc",
+    "usb-cramium/cramium-soc",
+]
+board-baosec = [
+    "modals/board-baosec",
+    "cram-hal-service",
+    "cramium-hal",
+    "usb-cramium/board-baosec",
+]
+hosted-baosec = [
+    "modals/hosted-baosec",
+    "usb-cramium/hosted-baosec",
+    "cramium-emu",
+]
+
+modal-testing = []
 default = []
diff --git a/services/bao-console/src/cmds.rs b/services/bao-console/src/cmds.rs
index 771074c7d..ebf2ebd1c 100644
--- a/services/bao-console/src/cmds.rs
+++ b/services/bao-console/src/cmds.rs
@@ -2,7 +2,10 @@ use core::fmt::Write;
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 
 use String;
+#[cfg(feature = "cramium-soc")]
 use cram_hal_service::trng;
+#[cfg(feature = "hosted-baosec")]
+use cramium_emu::trng;
 use xous::MessageEnvelope;
 
 /////////////////////////// Common items to all commands
diff --git a/services/bao-console/src/main.rs b/services/bao-console/src/main.rs
index 6758ad36d..ec8034a13 100644
--- a/services/bao-console/src/main.rs
+++ b/services/bao-console/src/main.rs
@@ -12,6 +12,12 @@ fn main() {
     let tt = ticktimer::Ticktimer::new().unwrap();
     shell::start_shell();
 
+    #[cfg(feature = "modal-testing")]
+    {
+        log::set_max_level(log::LevelFilter::Debug);
+        modals::tests::spawn_test();
+    }
+
     loop {
         // just sleep as this is the parent thread
         tt.sleep_ms(120_000).ok();
diff --git a/services/bao-video/src/main.rs b/services/bao-video/src/main.rs
index 9e5c129c7..d4a060a96 100644
--- a/services/bao-video/src/main.rs
+++ b/services/bao-video/src/main.rs
@@ -9,9 +9,12 @@ mod qr;
 #[cfg(feature = "gfx-testing")]
 mod testing;
 
-use std::sync::{
-    Arc,
-    atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering},
+use std::{
+    collections::VecDeque,
+    sync::{
+        Arc,
+        atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering},
+    },
 };
 
 use blitstr2::fontmap;
@@ -37,6 +40,7 @@ use utralib::utra;
 use ux_api::minigfx::{self, FrameBuffer};
 use ux_api::service::api::*;
 use xous::MemoryRange;
+use xous::sender::Sender;
 use xous_ipc::Buffer;
 
 // Scope of this crate: *No calls to modals* this can create dependency lockups.
@@ -189,7 +193,7 @@ fn main() -> ! {
 
 pub fn wrapped_main(main_thread_token: MainThreadToken) -> ! {
     log_server::init_wait().unwrap();
-    log::set_max_level(log::LevelFilter::Info);
+    log::set_max_level(log::LevelFilter::Trace);
     log::info!("my PID is {}", xous::process::id());
 
     // ---- Xous setup
@@ -299,6 +303,7 @@ pub fn wrapped_main(main_thread_token: MainThreadToken) -> ! {
         cam.capture_async();
     }
 
+    let mut modal_queue = VecDeque::<Sender>::new();
     let mut frames = 0;
     let mut frame = [0u8; IMAGE_WIDTH * IMAGE_HEIGHT];
     let mut decode_success;
@@ -636,6 +641,41 @@ pub fn wrapped_main(main_thread_token: MainThreadToken) -> ! {
                     log::error!("Invalid call to bao video server: {:?}", msg);
                 }
 
+                // ---- v2 graphics API
+                GfxOpcode::AcquireModal => {
+                    if let Some(scalar) = msg.body.scalar_message_mut() {
+                        let sender = msg.sender;
+                        log::debug!("Acquirer Sender: {:x?}", sender);
+                        modal_queue.push_back(sender);
+                        if modal_queue.len() > 1 {
+                            // Prevents `msg` from being "dropped" which would cause the blocking scalar to
+                            // return
+                            core::mem::forget(msg_opt.take());
+                        } else {
+                            scalar.arg1 = 0;
+                            // the message is responded to, which allows the caller to unblock
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                GfxOpcode::ReleaseModal => {
+                    if let Some(_scalar) = msg.body.scalar_message() {
+                        let sender = msg.sender;
+                        log::debug!("Release Sender: {:x?}", sender);
+                        if let Some(pos) = modal_queue
+                            .iter()
+                            .position(|x| x.to_usize() & 0xffff_0000 == sender.to_usize() & 0xffff_0000)
+                        {
+                            modal_queue.remove(pos);
+                        } else {
+                            log::error!("Release modal called but sender {:x?} was not found", sender);
+                        };
+                        if let Some(sender) = modal_queue.front() {
+                            // Notify the waiter that it is allowed to run
+                            xous::return_scalar(*sender, 0).unwrap();
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
                 // ---- "regular" graphics API
                 GfxOpcode::DrawClipObject => {
                     minigfx::handlers::draw_clip_object(&mut display, msg);
@@ -643,6 +683,9 @@ pub fn wrapped_main(main_thread_token: MainThreadToken) -> ! {
                 GfxOpcode::DrawClipObjectList => {
                     minigfx::handlers::draw_clip_object_list(&mut display, msg);
                 }
+                GfxOpcode::UnclippedObjectList => {
+                    minigfx::handlers::draw_object_list(&mut display, msg);
+                }
                 GfxOpcode::DrawTextView => {
                     minigfx::handlers::draw_text_view(&mut display, msg);
                 }
@@ -651,9 +694,7 @@ pub fn wrapped_main(main_thread_token: MainThreadToken) -> ! {
                     display.redraw();
                 }
                 GfxOpcode::Clear => {
-                    let mut r = Rectangle::full_screen();
-                    r.style = DrawStyle::new(PixelColor::Light, PixelColor::Light, 0);
-                    op::rectangle(&mut display, r, screen_clip.into(), false)
+                    display.clear();
                 }
                 GfxOpcode::Line => {
                     minigfx::handlers::line(&mut display, screen_clip.into(), msg);
diff --git a/services/cram-console/Cargo.toml b/services/cram-console/Cargo.toml
index ab06c4980..355e60b4d 100644
--- a/services/cram-console/Cargo.toml
+++ b/services/cram-console/Cargo.toml
@@ -17,11 +17,10 @@ num-derive = { version = "0.4.2", default-features = false }
 num-traits = { version = "0.2.14", default-features = false }
 
 # xous-pio = { path = "../../libs/xous-pio", optional = true }
-xous-pl230 = { path = "../../libs/xous-pl230", optional = true }
+# xous-pl230 = { path = "../../libs/xous-pl230", optional = true }
 # this is temporary, until we get GAM/modals pulled in
 ux-api = { path = "../../libs/ux-api" }
 modals = { path = "../modals", features = ["cramium-soc"] }
-gam = { path = "../gam" }
 locales = { path = "../../locales" }
 usb-device-xous = { path = "../usb-device-xous", default-features = false, optional = true }
 cramium-hal = { path = "../../libs/cramium-hal", features = ["std"] }
@@ -30,8 +29,11 @@ ime-plugin-shell = { path = "../ime-plugin-shell" }
 xous-swapper = { path = "../xous-swapper" }
 
 [features]
-"cramium-fpga" = ["utralib/cramium-fpga", "xous-pl230/cramium-fpga"]
-"cramium-soc" = ["utralib/cramium-soc", "xous-pl230/cramium-soc"]
+"cramium-fpga" = ["utralib/cramium-fpga"]
+"cramium-soc" = ["utralib/cramium-soc"]
+"board-baosec" = ["modals/board-baosec"]
+"hosted-baosec" = ["modals/hosted-baosec"]
+
 "hwsim" = []
 "shellperf" = []
 "mass-storage" = []
@@ -39,7 +41,7 @@ xous-swapper = { path = "../xous-swapper" }
 "tts" = []
 "early-ball" = []
 # "pio-test" = ["xous-pio"]
-"pl230-test" = ["xous-pl230"]
+# "pl230-test" = ["xous-pl230"]
 "hwtest" = []
 "pddb" = []
 "gam" = []
diff --git a/services/cram-hal-service/Cargo.toml b/services/cram-hal-service/Cargo.toml
index 2ff1207ee..f259059e5 100644
--- a/services/cram-hal-service/Cargo.toml
+++ b/services/cram-hal-service/Cargo.toml
@@ -23,12 +23,12 @@ cramium-api = { path = "../../libs/cramium-api", features = [
     "derive-rkyv",
     "std",
 ] }
-xous-pl230 = { path = "../../libs/xous-pl230", features = ["cramium-soc"] }
+# xous-pl230 = { path = "../../libs/xous-pl230", features = ["cramium-soc"] }
 # xous-pio = { path = "../../libs/xous-pio", default-features = false, features = [
 #     "cramium-soc",
 # ] }
-pio-proc = "0.2.2"
-pio = "0.2.1"
+# pio-proc = "0.2.2"
+# pio = "0.2.1"
 rand_core = "0.6.4"
 rand_chacha = "0.3.1"
 bitfield = "0.13.2"
diff --git a/services/cramium-emu/src/trng.rs b/services/cramium-emu/src/trng.rs
index 245310145..fcde8bfe9 100644
--- a/services/cramium-emu/src/trng.rs
+++ b/services/cramium-emu/src/trng.rs
@@ -50,3 +50,13 @@ impl RngCore for Trng {
 }
 
 impl CryptoRng for Trng {}
+
+pub mod api {
+    #[derive(Debug, num_derive::FromPrimitive, num_derive::ToPrimitive, PartialEq, Eq, Copy, Clone)]
+    pub enum TrngTestMode {
+        // No test mode configured. Whitened data is sampled.
+        None,
+        // Raw TRNG output.
+        Raw,
+    }
+}
diff --git a/services/graphics-server/src/main.rs b/services/graphics-server/src/main.rs
index 85792b790..7b5fc5c05 100644
--- a/services/graphics-server/src/main.rs
+++ b/services/graphics-server/src/main.rs
@@ -471,6 +471,9 @@ fn wrapped_main(main_thread_token: backend::MainThreadToken) -> ! {
                     }
                     // no failure if it's not
                 }
+                GfxOpcode::AcquireModal | GfxOpcode::ReleaseModal | GfxOpcode::UnclippedObjectList => {
+                    unimplemented!("{:?} is not supported for this target. Use the GAM instead.", op);
+                }
                 GfxOpcode::Quit => break,
                 GfxOpcode::InvalidCall => {
                     log::error!("Received invalid GfxOpcode. Ignoring.");
diff --git a/services/modals/Cargo.toml b/services/modals/Cargo.toml
index 31c3fe5f9..c8e971e07 100644
--- a/services/modals/Cargo.toml
+++ b/services/modals/Cargo.toml
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ bit_field = "0.9.0"
 cramium-hal = { path = "../../libs/cramium-hal", optional = true, features = [
     "std",
 ] }
+cramium-api = { path = "../../libs/cramium-api", optional = true }
 cramium-emu = { path = "../cramium-emu", optional = true }
 blitstr2 = { path = "../../libs/blitstr2" }
 ux-api = { path = "../../libs/ux-api", optional = true, features = ["std"] }
@@ -40,9 +41,10 @@ hosted = ["utralib/hosted", "trng", "gam", "tts-frontend"]
 renode = ["utralib/renode", "trng", "gam", "tts-frontend"]
 
 cramium-soc = ["utralib/cramium-soc", "cram-hal-service"]
-hosted-baosec = ["ux-api/hosted-baosec", "cramium-emu"]
-board-baosec = ["ux-api/board-baosec"]
+hosted-baosec = ["ux-api/hosted-baosec", "cramium-emu", "cramium-api"]
+board-baosec = ["ux-api/board-baosec", "cramium-api"]
 doc-deps = ["gam", "ux-api/doc-deps"]
+modal-testing = []
 
 tts = []
 ditherpunk = []
diff --git a/services/modals/src/api.rs b/services/modals/src/api.rs
index 69fbb947f..35e82a3b7 100644
--- a/services/modals/src/api.rs
+++ b/services/modals/src/api.rs
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 #[cfg(feature = "ditherpunk")]
 use gam::Tile;
-#[cfg(not(any(feature = "hosted-baosec", feature = "cramium-soc")))]
+#[cfg(not(any(feature = "hosted-baosec", feature = "board-baosec")))]
 use gam::modal::*;
-#[cfg(any(feature = "hosted-baosec", feature = "cramium-soc"))]
+#[cfg(any(feature = "hosted-baosec", feature = "board-baosec"))]
 use ux_api::widgets::*;
 
 pub(crate) const SERVER_NAME_MODALS: &str = "_Modal Dialog Server_";
diff --git a/services/modals/src/lib.rs b/services/modals/src/lib.rs
index 999614426..137012c06 100644
--- a/services/modals/src/lib.rs
+++ b/services/modals/src/lib.rs
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 pub mod api;
 use api::*;
-#[cfg(feature = "ditherpunk")]
+#[cfg(any(feature = "ditherpunk", feature = "modal-testing"))]
 pub mod tests;
 
 use core::cell::Cell;
@@ -16,12 +16,12 @@ use bit_field::BitField;
 use cram_hal_service::trng::Trng;
 #[cfg(feature = "hosted-baosec")]
 use cramium_emu::trng::Trng;
-#[cfg(not(any(feature = "hosted-baosec", feature = "cramium-soc")))]
+#[cfg(not(any(feature = "hosted-baosec", feature = "board-baosec")))]
 use gam::*;
 use num_traits::*;
 #[cfg(all(not(feature = "cramium-soc"), not(feature = "doc-deps"), not(feature = "hosted-baosec")))]
 use trng::Trng;
-#[cfg(any(feature = "hosted-baosec", feature = "cramium-soc"))]
+#[cfg(any(feature = "hosted-baosec", feature = "board-baosec"))]
 use ux_api::widgets::*;
 use xous::{CID, Message, send_message};
 use xous_ipc::Buffer;
diff --git a/services/modals/src/main.rs b/services/modals/src/main.rs
index b95a66f59..8197bfb40 100644
--- a/services/modals/src/main.rs
+++ b/services/modals/src/main.rs
@@ -36,14 +36,14 @@ use cram_hal_service::trng::Trng;
 use cramium_emu::trng::Trng;
 #[cfg(feature = "ditherpunk")]
 use gam::Bitmap;
-#[cfg(not(any(feature = "hosted-baosec", feature = "cramium-soc")))]
+#[cfg(not(any(feature = "hosted-baosec", feature = "board-baosec")))]
 use gam::modal::*;
 use locales::t;
 #[cfg(all(not(feature = "cramium-soc"), not(feature = "doc-deps"), not(feature = "hosted-baosec")))]
 use trng::Trng;
 #[cfg(feature = "tts")]
 use tts_frontend::TtsFrontend;
-#[cfg(any(feature = "hosted-baosec", feature = "cramium-soc"))]
+#[cfg(any(feature = "hosted-baosec", feature = "board-baosec"))]
 use ux_api::widgets::*;
 use xous::{Message, msg_blocking_scalar_unpack, msg_scalar_unpack, send_message};
 use xous_ipc::Buffer;
@@ -144,6 +144,11 @@ fn wrapped_main() -> ! {
     #[cfg(any(feature = "hosted-baosec", feature = "cramium-soc"))]
     let mut renderer_modal =
         Modal::new(ActionType::TextEntry(text_action.clone()), Some("Placeholder"), None, DEFAULT_STYLE, 8);
+    #[cfg(any(feature = "hosted-baosec", feature = "cramium-soc"))]
+    {
+        let kbd = cramium_api::keyboard::Keyboard::new(&xns).unwrap();
+        kbd.register_listener(api::SERVER_NAME_MODALS, Opcode::ModalKeypress.to_u32().unwrap() as usize);
+    }
     #[cfg(not(any(feature = "hosted-baosec", feature = "cramium-soc")))]
     renderer_modal.spawn_helper(
         modals_sid,
diff --git a/services/modals/src/tests.rs b/services/modals/src/tests.rs
index 3a8b7cf91..1064c60e3 100644
--- a/services/modals/src/tests.rs
+++ b/services/modals/src/tests.rs
@@ -2,7 +2,10 @@ use std::thread;
 
 #[cfg(feature = "ditherpunk")]
 use bitmap::PixelType;
+#[cfg(not(any(feature = "hosted-baosec", feature = "cramium-soc")))]
 use gam::*;
+#[cfg(any(feature = "hosted-baosec", feature = "cramium-soc"))]
+use ux_api::widgets::*;
 use xous_names::XousNames;
 
 use super::*;
diff --git a/services/usb-cramium/Cargo.toml b/services/usb-cramium/Cargo.toml
index 3af1d7e28..e1c54ae39 100644
--- a/services/usb-cramium/Cargo.toml
+++ b/services/usb-cramium/Cargo.toml
@@ -18,8 +18,9 @@ cramium-hal = { path = "../../libs/cramium-hal", features = [
     "debug-print-usb",
     # "verbose-debug",
     "axp2101",
-] }
-cram-hal-service = { path = "../cram-hal-service" }
+], optional = true }
+cram-hal-service = { path = "../cram-hal-service", optional = true }
+cramium-emu = { path = "../cramium-emu", optional = true }
 xous-usb-hid = { git = "https://github.com/betrusted-io/xous-usb-hid.git", branch = "main" }
 rkyv = { version = "0.8.8", default-features = false, features = [
     "std",
@@ -37,7 +38,14 @@ version = "0.2.8"
 features = ["log"]
 
 [features]
-cramium-soc = ["utralib/cramium-soc", "utralib/std"]
+cramium-soc = []
+board-baosec = [
+    "utralib/cramium-soc",
+    "utralib/std",
+    "cramium-hal",
+    "cram-hal-service",
+]
+hosted-baosec = ["utralib/hosted", "utralib/std", "cramium-emu"]
 # none of these other modes are actually supported, but are listed here
 # to allow direct re-use of API code
 precursor = ["utralib/precursor", "utralib/std"]
diff --git a/services/usb-cramium/src/lib.rs b/services/usb-cramium/src/lib.rs
index 87a1bafe9..8d1e4716f 100644
--- a/services/usb-cramium/src/lib.rs
+++ b/services/usb-cramium/src/lib.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 #![cfg_attr(target_os = "none", no_std)]
 
+#[cfg(feature = "cramium-soc")]
 use cram_hal_service::trng;
+#[cfg(feature = "hosted-baosec")]
+use cramium_emu::trng;
 
 pub mod api;
 pub use api::*;
diff --git a/xtask/src/main.rs b/xtask/src/main.rs
index 04f1478fe..ba1791691 100644
--- a/xtask/src/main.rs
+++ b/xtask/src/main.rs
@@ -365,7 +365,15 @@ fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
                 .add_apps(&get_cratespecs());
         }
         Some("baosec-emu") => {
-            let bao_pkgs = ["xous-ticktimer", "xous-log", "xous-names", "modals", "bao-video", "cramium-emu"];
+            let bao_pkgs = [
+                "xous-ticktimer",
+                "xous-log",
+                "xous-names",
+                "modals",
+                "bao-video",
+                "cramium-emu",
+                "bao-console",
+            ];
             builder
                 // hosted-baosec feature added below
                 .target_hosted_baosec()
@@ -598,7 +606,7 @@ fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
             //   - [planned] pddb server
             //   - [planned] vault application
             let bao_rram_pkgs = ["xous-ticktimer", "xous-log", "xous-names" /* "usb-cramium" */].to_vec(); /* "usb-cramium" */
-            let bao_swap_pkgs = ["cram-hal-service", "bao-console", "bao-video", "pddb"].to_vec(); /* "bao-video" */
+            let bao_swap_pkgs = ["cram-hal-service", "bao-console", "bao-video", "modals", "pddb"].to_vec(); /* "bao-video" */
             if !builder.is_swap_set() {
                 builder.set_swap(0, 8 * 1024 * 1024);
             }
@@ -676,7 +684,7 @@ fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
             "default = []",
         )
         .expect("couldn't patch AES");
-        builder::search_and_replace_in_file(
+        builder::search_and_replace_in_file(WIP modals refactoring
             "Cargo.toml",
             "# [patch.crates-io.curve25519-dalek]",
             "[patch.crates-io.curve25519-dalek]",