diff --git a/src/deferred.rs b/src/deferred.rs
index 1500ece..990d393 100644
--- a/src/deferred.rs
+++ b/src/deferred.rs
@@ -27,3 +27,158 @@ pub trait DeferredField: ff::Field {
     /// Reduces the accumulator to a canonical field element.
     fn reduce(acc: Self::Accumulator) -> Self;
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DeferredField;
+    use ff::Field;
+    use rand::SeedableRng;
+    use rand_xorshift::XorShiftRng;
+    use std::vec::Vec;
+
+    const SEED: [u8; 16] = [
+        0x59, 0x62, 0xbe, 0x5d, 0x76, 0x3d, 0x31, 0x8d, 0x17, 0xdb, 0x37, 0x32, 0x54, 0x06, 0xbc,
+        0xe5,
+    ];
+
+    fn inner_product<F: DeferredField>(a: &[F], b: &[F]) -> F {
+        let mut acc = F::Accumulator::default();
+        for (x, y) in a.iter().zip(b.iter()) {
+            F::mul_accumulate(&mut acc, x, y);
+        }
+        F::reduce(acc)
+    }
+
+    macro_rules! deferred_field_tests {
+        ($F:ty, $mod:ident, $adversarial_a:expr, $adversarial_b:expr) => {
+            mod $mod {
+                use super::*;
+
+                #[test]
+                fn accumulate_roundtrip() {
+                    let mut rng = XorShiftRng::from_seed(SEED);
+                    for _ in 0..100 {
+                        let a = <$F>::random(&mut rng);
+                        let b = <$F>::random(&mut rng);
+                        let mut acc = <$F as DeferredField>::Accumulator::default();
+                        <$F>::mul_accumulate(&mut acc, &a, &b);
+                        assert_eq!(<$F>::reduce(acc), a * b);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                #[test]
+                fn square_accumulate_roundtrip() {
+                    let mut rng = XorShiftRng::from_seed(SEED);
+                    for _ in 0..100 {
+                        let a = <$F>::random(&mut rng);
+                        let mut acc = <$F as DeferredField>::Accumulator::default();
+                        <$F>::square_accumulate(&mut acc, &a);
+                        assert_eq!(<$F>::reduce(acc), a.square());
+                    }
+                }
+
+                #[test]
+                fn test_inner_product() {
+                    let mut rng = XorShiftRng::from_seed(SEED);
+                    for len in [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 15, 16, 31, 32, 100, 255, 256, 10_000] {
+                        let a: Vec<$F> = (0..len).map(|_| <$F>::random(&mut rng)).collect();
+                        let b: Vec<$F> = (0..len).map(|_| <$F>::random(&mut rng)).collect();
+
+                        let eager: $F = a.iter().zip(b.iter()).map(|(x, y)| *x * *y).sum();
+                        let lazy = inner_product(&a, &b);
+
+                        assert_eq!(eager, lazy, "mismatch at len={len}");
+                    }
+                }
+
+                #[test]
+                fn reduce_zero() {
+                    assert_eq!(
+                        <$F>::reduce(<$F as DeferredField>::Accumulator::default()),
+                        <$F>::ZERO,
+                    );
+                }
+
+                #[test]
+                fn square_vs_mul() {
+                    let mut rng = XorShiftRng::from_seed(SEED);
+                    for _ in 0..100 {
+                        let a = <$F>::random(&mut rng);
+                        let mut sq_acc = <$F as DeferredField>::Accumulator::default();
+                        <$F>::square_accumulate(&mut sq_acc, &a);
+                        let mut mul_acc = <$F as DeferredField>::Accumulator::default();
+                        <$F>::mul_accumulate(&mut mul_acc, &a, &a);
+                        assert_eq!(
+                            <$F>::reduce(sq_acc),
+                            <$F>::reduce(mul_acc),
+                            "square_accumulate and mul_accumulate(a, a) diverged",
+                        );
+                    }
+                }
+
+                #[test]
+                fn mixed_accumulate() {
+                    let mut rng = XorShiftRng::from_seed(SEED);
+                    for _ in 0..20 {
+                        let a = <$F>::random(&mut rng);
+                        let b = <$F>::random(&mut rng);
+                        let c = <$F>::random(&mut rng);
+                        let mut acc = <$F as DeferredField>::Accumulator::default();
+                        <$F>::mul_accumulate(&mut acc, &a, &b);
+                        <$F>::square_accumulate(&mut acc, &c);
+                        assert_eq!(<$F>::reduce(acc), a * b + c.square());
+                    }
+                }
+
+                /// Regression: elements with top limb ~0x3F whose products have
+                /// limbs[7] ~0x0F. These adversarial elements exercise the
+                /// partial-reduction path in the lazy Product accumulator.
+                #[test]
+                fn regression_overflow() {
+                    let a = $adversarial_a;
+                    let b = $adversarial_b;
+                    let a_arr = [a; 100];
+                    let b_arr = [b; 100];
+
+                    let eager: $F = a_arr.iter().zip(b_arr.iter()).map(|(x, y)| *x * *y).sum();
+                    let lazy = inner_product(&a_arr, &b_arr);
+
+                    assert_eq!(eager, lazy, "inner_product returned non-canonical result");
+                }
+            }
+        };
+    }
+
+    deferred_field_tests!(
+        crate::Fp,
+        fp,
+        crate::Fp([
+            0x0361524c2cc0f859u64,
+            0xae68690a78bc7175,
+            0xe66cd36e68ef8f5f,
+            0x3fa6524a713b7e05,
+        ]),
+        crate::Fp([
+            0x7a1c5e3b9d204f61u64,
+            0xc48e0b71a2d5f389,
+            0xd9f247a0856c13be,
+            0x3d8a19f5e6c7b042,
+        ])
+    );
+    deferred_field_tests!(
+        crate::Fq,
+        fq,
+        crate::Fq([
+            0x31d0b6640589f877u64,
+            0xf87f43fdf6062541,
+            0xb7d6467b2f5a522a,
+            0x3eb025240950fd13,
+        ]),
+        crate::Fq([
+            0x5e9a3c71f8b20d46u64,
+            0xa3d1e6f504879c2b,
+            0xcb45a8d2e1f36790,
+            0x3c47d2a8b10e5f93,
+        ])
+    );
+}