diff --git a/cmake/CMakeLists.txt b/cmake/CMakeLists.txt
index 5a0cfd7fce..cfede4e6a5 100644
--- a/cmake/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/cmake/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -147,6 +147,7 @@ option(onnxruntime_USE_MPI "Build with MPI support" OFF)
 
 # build WebAssembly
 option(onnxruntime_BUILD_WEBASSEMBLY "Enable this option to create WebAssembly byte codes" OFF)
+option(onnxruntime_ENABLE_WEBASSEMBLY_THREADS "Enable this option to create WebAssembly byte codes with multi-threads support" OFF)
 option(onnxruntime_ENABLE_WEBASSEMBLY_EXCEPTION_CATCHING "Enable this option to turn on exception catching" OFF)
 
 # Enable bitcode for iOS
@@ -263,6 +264,16 @@ if (NOT MSVC AND NOT onnxruntime_ENABLE_BITCODE)
   string(APPEND CMAKE_C_FLAGS " -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections")
 endif()
 
+# Build WebAssembly source map on debug build.
+if (onnxruntime_BUILD_WEBASSEMBLY)
+  string(APPEND CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG " -g4 --source-map-base http://localhost:8000/")
+
+  # Build WebAssembly with multi-threads support.
+  if (onnxruntime_ENABLE_WEBASSEMBLY_THREADS)
+    string(APPEND CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS " -pthread")
+  endif()
+endif()
+
 # ORT build with as much excluded as possible. Supports ORT flatbuffers models only.
 if (onnxruntime_MINIMAL_BUILD)
   add_compile_definitions(ORT_MINIMAL_BUILD)
@@ -564,7 +575,8 @@ if (onnxruntime_BUILD_UNIT_TESTS)
   if(NOT TARGET GTest::gtest)
     message("Use gtest from submodule")
 
-    # WebAssembly doesn't support threading properly yet.
+    # WebAssembly threading support in Node.js is still an experimental feature and
+    # not working properly with googletest suite.
     if (onnxruntime_BUILD_WEBASSEMBLY)
       set(gtest_disable_pthreads ON)
     endif()
@@ -619,7 +631,7 @@ if(onnxruntime_BUILD_BENCHMARKS)
   endif()
 endif()
 
-if(NOT WIN32 AND NOT onnxruntime_PREFER_SYSTEM_LIB AND NOT onnxruntime_BUILD_WEBASSEMBLY)
+if(NOT WIN32 AND NOT onnxruntime_PREFER_SYSTEM_LIB)
   add_subdirectory(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/external/nsync EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL)
 endif()
 # External dependencies
@@ -775,7 +787,7 @@ function(onnxruntime_add_shared_library target_name)
     target_compile_options(${target_name} PRIVATE "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CUDA>:SHELL:--compiler-options /utf-8>" "$<$<NOT:$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CUDA>>:/utf-8>")
     target_compile_options(${target_name} PRIVATE "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CUDA>:SHELL:--compiler-options /sdl>" "$<$<NOT:$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CUDA>>:/sdl>")
     set_target_properties(${target_name} PROPERTIES VS_CA_EXCLUDE_PATH "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}")
-  elseif(NOT onnxruntime_BUILD_WEBASSEMBLY)
+  else()
     target_compile_definitions(${target_name} PUBLIC -DNSYNC_ATOMIC_CPP11)
     target_include_directories(${target_name} PRIVATE "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/external/nsync/public")
   endif()
@@ -795,7 +807,7 @@ function(onnxruntime_add_shared_library_module target_name)
     target_compile_options(${target_name} PRIVATE "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CUDA>:SHELL:--compiler-options /utf-8>" "$<$<NOT:$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CUDA>>:/utf-8>")
     target_compile_options(${target_name} PRIVATE "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CUDA>:SHELL:--compiler-options /sdl>" "$<$<NOT:$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CUDA>>:/sdl>")
     set_target_properties(${target_name} PROPERTIES VS_CA_EXCLUDE_PATH "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}")
-  elseif(NOT onnxruntime_BUILD_WEBASSEMBLY)
+  else()
     target_compile_definitions(${target_name} PUBLIC -DNSYNC_ATOMIC_CPP11)
     target_include_directories(${target_name} PRIVATE "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/external/nsync/public")
   endif()
@@ -815,7 +827,7 @@ function(onnxruntime_add_executable target_name)
     target_compile_options(${target_name} PRIVATE "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CUDA>:SHELL:--compiler-options /utf-8>" "$<$<NOT:$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CUDA>>:/utf-8>")
     target_compile_options(${target_name} PRIVATE "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CUDA>:SHELL:--compiler-options /sdl>" "$<$<NOT:$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CUDA>>:/sdl>")
     set_target_properties(${target_name} PROPERTIES VS_CA_EXCLUDE_PATH "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}")
-  elseif(NOT onnxruntime_BUILD_WEBASSEMBLY)
+  else()
     target_compile_definitions(${target_name} PUBLIC -DNSYNC_ATOMIC_CPP11)
     target_include_directories(${target_name} PRIVATE "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/external/nsync/public")
   endif()
@@ -1463,7 +1475,7 @@ foreach(target_name onnxruntime_common onnxruntime_graph onnxruntime_framework o
     target_compile_options(${target_name} PRIVATE "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CUDA>:SHELL:--compiler-options /utf-8>" "$<$<NOT:$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CUDA>>:/utf-8>")
     target_compile_options(${target_name} PRIVATE "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CUDA>:SHELL:--compiler-options /sdl>" "$<$<NOT:$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CUDA>>:/sdl>")
     set_target_properties(${target_name} PROPERTIES VS_CA_EXCLUDE_PATH "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}")
-  elseif(NOT onnxruntime_BUILD_WEBASSEMBLY)
+  else()
     target_compile_definitions(${target_name} PUBLIC -DNSYNC_ATOMIC_CPP11)
     target_include_directories(${target_name} PRIVATE "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/external/nsync/public")
   endif()
@@ -1475,7 +1487,7 @@ foreach(provider_name ${ONNXRUNTIME_PROVIDER_NAMES})
     if (MSVC)
       target_compile_options(onnxruntime_providers_${provider_name} PRIVATE "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CUDA>:SHELL:--compiler-options /utf-8>" "$<$<NOT:$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CUDA>>:/utf-8>")
       target_compile_options(onnxruntime_providers_${provider_name} PRIVATE "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CUDA>:SHELL:--compiler-options /sdl>" "$<$<NOT:$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CUDA>>:/sdl>")
-    elseif(NOT onnxruntime_BUILD_WEBASSEMBLY)
+    else()
       target_compile_definitions(onnxruntime_providers_${provider_name} PUBLIC -DNSYNC_ATOMIC_CPP11)
       target_include_directories(onnxruntime_providers_${provider_name} PRIVATE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR} ${ONNXRUNTIME_ROOT} "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/external/nsync/public")
     endif()
@@ -1495,7 +1507,7 @@ endif()
 if(WIN32)
   list(APPEND onnxruntime_EXTERNAL_LIBRARIES ${SYS_PATH_LIB} Shlwapi)
   list(APPEND onnxruntime_EXTERNAL_LIBRARIES debug Dbghelp)
-elseif(NOT onnxruntime_BUILD_WEBASSEMBLY)
+else()
   list(APPEND onnxruntime_EXTERNAL_LIBRARIES nsync_cpp)
   list(APPEND onnxruntime_EXTERNAL_LIBRARIES ${CMAKE_DL_LIBS} Threads::Threads)
 endif()
@@ -1586,6 +1598,10 @@ if (onnxruntime_BUILD_WEBASSEMBLY)
     string(APPEND CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS " -s DISABLE_EXCEPTION_CATCHING=0")
   endif()
 
+  if (onnxruntime_ENABLE_WEBASSEMBLY_THREADS)
+    string(APPEND CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS " -s USE_PTHREADS=1 -Wno-pthreads-mem-growth")
+  endif()
+
   message(STATUS "WebAssembly Build is enabled")
   include(onnxruntime_webassembly.cmake)
 endif()
diff --git a/cmake/onnxruntime_common.cmake b/cmake/onnxruntime_common.cmake
index fd65893355..222eab1ec6 100644
--- a/cmake/onnxruntime_common.cmake
+++ b/cmake/onnxruntime_common.cmake
@@ -86,12 +86,6 @@ file(GLOB onnxruntime_common_src CONFIGURE_DEPENDS
     ${onnxruntime_common_src_patterns}
     )
 
-if (onnxruntime_BUILD_WEBASSEMBLY)
-    list(REMOVE_ITEM onnxruntime_common_src
-        "${ONNXRUNTIME_ROOT}/core/platform/posix/ort_mutex.cc"
-    )
-endif()
-
 source_group(TREE ${REPO_ROOT} FILES ${onnxruntime_common_src})
 
 add_library(onnxruntime_common ${onnxruntime_common_src})
@@ -130,7 +124,7 @@ target_include_directories(onnxruntime_common
 
 target_link_libraries(onnxruntime_common Boost::mp11)
 
-if(NOT WIN32 AND NOT onnxruntime_BUILD_WEBASSEMBLY)
+if(NOT WIN32)
   target_include_directories(onnxruntime_common PUBLIC "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/external/nsync/public")
 endif()
 
diff --git a/cmake/onnxruntime_unittests.cmake b/cmake/onnxruntime_unittests.cmake
index fc85c40885..1eb5e5a5f2 100644
--- a/cmake/onnxruntime_unittests.cmake
+++ b/cmake/onnxruntime_unittests.cmake
@@ -127,10 +127,21 @@ function(AddTest)
 
     xctest_add_test(xctest.${_UT_TARGET} ${_UT_TARGET}_xc)
   else()
-    add_test(NAME ${_UT_TARGET}
-      COMMAND ${_UT_TARGET} ${TEST_ARGS}
-      WORKING_DIRECTORY $<TARGET_FILE_DIR:${_UT_TARGET}>
-    )
+    if (onnxruntime_ENABLE_WEBASSEMBLY_THREADS)
+      find_program(NODE_EXECUTABLE node required)
+      if (NOT NODE_EXECUTABLE)
+        message(FATAL_ERROR "Node is required for unit tests")
+      endif()
+      add_test(NAME ${_UT_TARGET}
+        COMMAND ${NODE_EXECUTABLE} --experimental-wasm-threads --experimental-wasm-bulk-memory ${_UT_TARGET}.js ${TEST_ARGS}
+        WORKING_DIRECTORY $<TARGET_FILE_DIR:${_UT_TARGET}>
+      )
+    else()
+      add_test(NAME ${_UT_TARGET}
+        COMMAND ${_UT_TARGET} ${TEST_ARGS}
+        WORKING_DIRECTORY $<TARGET_FILE_DIR:${_UT_TARGET}>
+      )
+    endif()
   endif()
 endfunction(AddTest)
 
@@ -527,7 +538,7 @@ add_library(onnxruntime_test_utils ${onnxruntime_test_utils_src})
 if(MSVC)
   target_compile_options(onnxruntime_test_utils PRIVATE "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CUDA>:SHELL:--compiler-options /utf-8>"
           "$<$<NOT:$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CUDA>>:/utf-8>")
-elseif (NOT onnxruntime_BUILD_WEBASSEMBLY)
+else()
   target_compile_definitions(onnxruntime_test_utils PUBLIC -DNSYNC_ATOMIC_CPP11)
   target_include_directories(onnxruntime_test_utils PRIVATE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR} ${ONNXRUNTIME_ROOT}
           "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/external/nsync/public")
@@ -556,7 +567,7 @@ add_library(onnx_test_runner_common ${onnx_test_runner_common_srcs})
 if(MSVC)
   target_compile_options(onnx_test_runner_common PRIVATE "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CUDA>:SHELL:--compiler-options /utf-8>"
           "$<$<NOT:$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CUDA>>:/utf-8>")
-elseif (NOT onnxruntime_BUILD_WEBASSEMBLY)
+else()
   target_compile_definitions(onnx_test_runner_common PUBLIC -DNSYNC_ATOMIC_CPP11)
   target_include_directories(onnx_test_runner_common PRIVATE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR} ${ONNXRUNTIME_ROOT}
           "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/external/nsync/public")
@@ -606,17 +617,25 @@ if(WIN32)
 endif()
 
 if (onnxruntime_BUILD_WEBASSEMBLY)
-  # blacklist for WebAssembly for now.
-  # exclude thread test since WebAssembly doesn't support multi-threads properly yet.
-  list(REMOVE_ITEM all_tests
-    "${TEST_SRC_DIR}/framework/execution_frame_test.cc"
-    "${TEST_SRC_DIR}/framework/inference_session_test.cc"
-    "${TEST_SRC_DIR}/platform/barrier_test.cc"
-    "${TEST_SRC_DIR}/platform/threadpool_test.cc"
-    "${TEST_SRC_DIR}/providers/cpu/controlflow/loop_test.cc"
-    "${TEST_SRC_DIR}/providers/cpu/nn/string_normalizer_test.cc"
-    "${TEST_SRC_DIR}/providers/memcpy_test.cc"
-  )
+  if (onnxruntime_ENABLE_WEBASSEMBLY_THREADS)
+    # WebAssembly threading support in node is an experimental feature yet
+    # and that makes some intensive threadpool tests fail randomly.
+    # Will enable this test when node.js releases a stable version supporting multi-threads.
+    list(REMOVE_ITEM all_tests
+      "${TEST_SRC_DIR}/platform/threadpool_test.cc"
+      "${TEST_SRC_DIR}/providers/cpu/nn/string_normalizer_test.cc"
+    )
+  else()
+    list(REMOVE_ITEM all_tests
+      "${TEST_SRC_DIR}/framework/execution_frame_test.cc"
+      "${TEST_SRC_DIR}/framework/inference_session_test.cc"
+      "${TEST_SRC_DIR}/platform/barrier_test.cc"
+      "${TEST_SRC_DIR}/platform/threadpool_test.cc"
+      "${TEST_SRC_DIR}/providers/cpu/controlflow/loop_test.cc"
+      "${TEST_SRC_DIR}/providers/cpu/nn/string_normalizer_test.cc"
+      "${TEST_SRC_DIR}/providers/memcpy_test.cc"
+    )
+  endif()
 endif()
 
 AddTest(
@@ -653,7 +672,11 @@ if (onnxruntime_USE_ROCM)
   target_include_directories(onnxruntime_test_all PRIVATE  ${onnxruntime_ROCM_HOME}/hipfft/include ${onnxruntime_ROCM_HOME}/include ${onnxruntime_ROCM_HOME}/hiprand/include ${onnxruntime_ROCM_HOME}/rocrand/include ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/amdgpu/onnxruntime ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/amdgpu/orttraining)
 endif()
 if (onnxruntime_BUILD_WEBASSEMBLY)
-  set_target_properties(onnxruntime_test_all PROPERTIES LINK_FLAGS "-s ALLOW_MEMORY_GROWTH=1 --preload-file ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/testdata@/testdata")
+  if (onnxruntime_ENABLE_WEBASSEMBLY_THREADS)
+    set_target_properties(onnxruntime_test_all PROPERTIES LINK_FLAGS "-s ALLOW_MEMORY_GROWTH=1 --preload-file ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/testdata@/testdata -s USE_PTHREADS=1 -s PROXY_TO_PTHREAD=1 -s EXIT_RUNTIME=1")
+  else()
+    set_target_properties(onnxruntime_test_all PROPERTIES LINK_FLAGS "-s ALLOW_MEMORY_GROWTH=1 --preload-file ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/testdata@/testdata -s EXIT_RUNTIME=1")
+  endif()
 endif()
 
 set(test_data_target onnxruntime_test_all)
@@ -864,7 +887,7 @@ if (onnxruntime_BUILD_SHARED_LIB)
           onnxruntime onnxruntime_flatbuffers  onnx_test_data_proto
           ${onnxruntime_EXTERNAL_LIBRARIES}
           ${GETOPT_LIB_WIDE} ${SYS_PATH_LIB} ${CMAKE_DL_LIBS})
-  if(NOT WIN32 AND NOT onnxruntime_BUILD_WEBASSEMBLY)
+  if(NOT WIN32)
     list(APPEND onnxruntime_perf_test_libs nsync_cpp)
   endif()
   if (CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME STREQUAL "Android")
@@ -904,7 +927,7 @@ if (onnxruntime_BUILD_SHARED_LIB)
   #################################################################
   # test inference using shared lib
   set(onnxruntime_shared_lib_test_LIBS onnxruntime_mocked_allocator onnxruntime_test_utils onnxruntime_common onnx_proto)
-  if(NOT WIN32 AND NOT onnxruntime_BUILD_WEBASSEMBLY)
+  if(NOT WIN32)
     list(APPEND onnxruntime_shared_lib_test_LIBS nsync_cpp)
   endif()
   if (onnxruntime_USE_CUDA)
@@ -998,7 +1021,7 @@ endif()
 target_include_directories(onnxruntime_mlas_test PRIVATE ${ONNXRUNTIME_ROOT}/core/mlas/inc ${ONNXRUNTIME_ROOT}
         ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR})
 set(onnxruntime_mlas_test_libs GTest::gtest GTest::gmock onnxruntime_mlas onnxruntime_common)
-if(NOT WIN32 AND NOT onnxruntime_BUILD_WEBASSEMBLY)
+if(NOT WIN32)
   list(APPEND onnxruntime_mlas_test_libs nsync_cpp ${CMAKE_DL_LIBS})
 endif()
 if (onnxruntime_USE_OPENMP)
@@ -1014,7 +1037,11 @@ if (onnxruntime_LINK_LIBATOMIC)
 endif()
 set_target_properties(onnxruntime_mlas_test PROPERTIES FOLDER "ONNXRuntimeTest")
 if (onnxruntime_BUILD_WEBASSEMBLY)
-  set_target_properties(onnxruntime_mlas_test PROPERTIES LINK_FLAGS "-s ALLOW_MEMORY_GROWTH=1")
+  if (onnxruntime_ENABLE_WEBASSEMBLY_THREADS)
+    set_target_properties(onnxruntime_mlas_test PROPERTIES LINK_FLAGS "-s ALLOW_MEMORY_GROWTH=1 -s USE_PTHREADS=1 -s PROXY_TO_PTHREAD=1 -s EXIT_RUNTIME=1")
+  else()
+    set_target_properties(onnxruntime_mlas_test PROPERTIES LINK_FLAGS "-s ALLOW_MEMORY_GROWTH=1")
+  endif()
 endif()
 
 add_library(custom_op_library SHARED ${TEST_SRC_DIR}/testdata/custom_op_library/custom_op_library.cc)
diff --git a/cmake/onnxruntime_webassembly.cmake b/cmake/onnxruntime_webassembly.cmake
index 7b1a04b6c5..be7b7b7fe5 100644
--- a/cmake/onnxruntime_webassembly.cmake
+++ b/cmake/onnxruntime_webassembly.cmake
@@ -11,18 +11,19 @@ add_executable(onnxruntime_wasm
   ${onnxruntime_wasm_src}
 )
 
-add_compile_definitions(
-  MLAS_NO_ONNXRUNTIME_THREADPOOL
-)
+if (NOT onnxruntime_ENABLE_WEBASSEMBLY_THREADS)
+  add_compile_definitions(
+    MLAS_NO_ONNXRUNTIME_THREADPOOL
+  )
 
-string(APPEND CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG " -g4 --source-map-base http://localhost:8000/")
+  # Override re2 compiler options to remove -pthread
+  set_property(TARGET re2 PROPERTY COMPILE_OPTIONS )
+endif()
 
 target_compile_options(onnx PRIVATE -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-unused-variable)
 
-# Override re2 compiler options to remove -pthread
-set_property(TARGET re2 PROPERTY COMPILE_OPTIONS )
-
 target_link_libraries(onnxruntime_wasm PRIVATE
+  nsync_cpp
   protobuf::libprotobuf-lite
   onnx
   onnx_proto
@@ -42,21 +43,25 @@ set(EXTRA_EXPORTED_RUNTIME_METHODS "['stackAlloc','stackRestore','stackSave','UT
 
 set_target_properties(onnxruntime_wasm PROPERTIES LINK_FLAGS "                                \
                       -s \"EXTRA_EXPORTED_RUNTIME_METHODS=${EXTRA_EXPORTED_RUNTIME_METHODS}\" \
-                      -s EXPORT_NAME=ort                                                      \
                       -s WASM=1                                                               \
                       -s NO_EXIT_RUNTIME=0                                                    \
                       -s ALLOW_MEMORY_GROWTH=1                                                \
-                      -s SAFE_HEAP=0                                                          \
                       -s MODULARIZE=1                                                         \
-                      -s SAFE_HEAP_LOG=0                                                      \
-                      -s STACK_OVERFLOW_CHECK=0                                               \
                       -s EXPORT_ALL=0                                                         \
                       -s LLD_REPORT_UNDEFINED                                                 \
                       -s VERBOSE=0                                                            \
                       -s NO_FILESYSTEM=1                                                      \
                       --no-entry")
+
 if (CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Debug")
-  set_property(TARGET onnxruntime_wasm APPEND_STRING PROPERTY LINK_FLAGS " -s ASSERTIONS=1 -s DEMANGLE_SUPPORT=1")
+  set_property(TARGET onnxruntime_wasm APPEND_STRING PROPERTY LINK_FLAGS " -s ASSERTIONS=2 -s SAFE_HEAP=1 -s STACK_OVERFLOW_CHECK=1 -s DEMANGLE_SUPPORT=1")
 else()
-  set_property(TARGET onnxruntime_wasm APPEND_STRING PROPERTY LINK_FLAGS " -s ASSERTIONS=0 -s DEMANGLE_SUPPORT=0")
+  set_property(TARGET onnxruntime_wasm APPEND_STRING PROPERTY LINK_FLAGS " -s ASSERTIONS=0 -s SAFE_HEAP=0 -s STACK_OVERFLOW_CHECK=0 -s DEMANGLE_SUPPORT=0")
+endif()
+
+if (onnxruntime_ENABLE_WEBASSEMBLY_THREADS)
+  set_property(TARGET onnxruntime_wasm APPEND_STRING PROPERTY LINK_FLAGS " -s EXPORT_NAME=onnxWasmThreadsBindingJs -s USE_PTHREADS=1")
+  set_target_properties(onnxruntime_wasm PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME "onnxruntime_wasm_threads")
+else()
+  set_property(TARGET onnxruntime_wasm APPEND_STRING PROPERTY LINK_FLAGS " -s EXPORT_NAME=onnxWasmBindingJs")
 endif()
diff --git a/include/onnxruntime/core/platform/ort_mutex.h b/include/onnxruntime/core/platform/ort_mutex.h
index 187dcdcca1..e24665f514 100644
--- a/include/onnxruntime/core/platform/ort_mutex.h
+++ b/include/onnxruntime/core/platform/ort_mutex.h
@@ -101,13 +101,6 @@ std::cv_status OrtCondVar::wait_for(std::unique_lock<OrtMutex>& cond_mutex,
   return steady_clock::now() - steady_now < rel_time ? std::cv_status::no_timeout : std::cv_status::timeout;
 }
 }  // namespace onnxruntime
-#elif defined(__wasm__)
-#include <mutex>
-#include <condition_variable>
-namespace onnxruntime {
-using OrtMutex = std::mutex;
-using OrtCondVar = std::condition_variable;
-}  // namespace onnxruntime
 #else
 #include "nsync.h"
 #include <mutex>               //for unique_lock
diff --git a/onnxruntime/wasm/api.cc b/onnxruntime/wasm/api.cc
index c3ba4eedda..94c126f992 100644
--- a/onnxruntime/wasm/api.cc
+++ b/onnxruntime/wasm/api.cc
@@ -22,8 +22,10 @@ Ort::Session* OrtCreateSession(void* data, size_t data_length) {
   Ort::SessionOptions session_options;
   session_options.SetLogId("onnxruntime");
 
-  // disable thread pool for now since not all major browsers support WebAssembly threading.
+#if !defined(__EMSCRIPTEN_PTHREADS__)
+  // must disable thread pool when WebAssembly multi-threads support is disabled.
   session_options.SetIntraOpNumThreads(1);
+#endif
 
   return new Ort::Session(*g_env, data, data_length, session_options);
 }
diff --git a/tools/ci_build/build.py b/tools/ci_build/build.py
index 5e44775cbe..36a0e4e18c 100644
--- a/tools/ci_build/build.py
+++ b/tools/ci_build/build.py
@@ -332,6 +332,9 @@ def parse_arguments():
     parser.add_argument(
         "--disable_wasm_exception_catching", action='store_true',
         help="Disable exception catching in WebAssembly.")
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--enable_wasm_threads", action='store_true',
+        help="Enable WebAssembly multi-threads support")
 
     # Arguments needed by CI
     parser.add_argument(
@@ -721,6 +724,7 @@ def generate_build_tree(cmake_path, source_dir, build_dir, cuda_home, cudnn_home
         "-Donnxruntime_BUILD_WEBASSEMBLY=" + ("ON" if args.build_wasm else "OFF"),
         "-Donnxruntime_ENABLE_WEBASSEMBLY_EXCEPTION_CATCHING=" + ("OFF" if args.disable_wasm_exception_catching
                                                                   else "ON"),
+        "-Donnxruntime_ENABLE_WEBASSEMBLY_THREADS=" + ("ON" if args.enable_wasm_threads else "OFF"),
     ]
 
     if acl_home and os.path.exists(acl_home):