Add test for iOS dynamic framework (#17790)

Add test to cover iOS dynamic framework usage.

tools/ci_build/github/azure-pipelines/post-merge-jobs.yml

@@ -259,3 +259,39 @@ stages:
         script: docker image rm $(dockerImageTag)
         workingDirectory: '$(Build.BinariesDirectory)'
       condition: succeededOrFailed()
+
+# We currently use static frameworks in the iOS packages.
+# This test validates that dynamic frameworks also work.
+- stage: IosDynamicFramework
+  dependsOn: []
+  jobs:
+  - job: IosDynamicFramework
+
+    pool:
+      vmImage: "macOS-13"
+
+    steps:
+    - task: UsePythonVersion@0
+      inputs:
+        versionSpec: "3.9"
+        addToPath: true
+        architecture: "x64"
+
+    - template: templates/use-xcode-version.yml
+
+    - script: |
+        pip install -r tools/ci_build/github/apple/ios_packaging.requirements.txt
+      displayName: "Install Python requirements"
+
+    - script: |
+        python tools/ci_build/github/apple/build_ios_framework.py \
+          --build_dir "$(Build.BinariesDirectory)/ios_framework" \
+          --build_dynamic_framework \
+          tools/ci_build/github/apple/default_mobile_ios_framework_build_settings.json
+      displayName: "Build iOS dynamic framework"
+
+    - script: |
+        python tools/ci_build/github/apple/test_ios_packages.py \
+          --framework_info_file "$(Build.BinariesDirectory)/ios_framework/framework_info.json" \
+          --c_framework_dir "$(Build.BinariesDirectory)/ios_framework/framework_out"
+      displayName: "Test pod with iOS dynamic framework"