diff --git a/CHANGELOG.rst b/CHANGELOG.rst
index d375b8d83..245eaef25 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.rst
+++ b/CHANGELOG.rst
@@ -8,8 +8,11 @@ Changelog
 
 .. note:: This version is not yet released and is under active development.
 
-* **BACKWARDS INCOMPATIBLE:** Dropped support for LibreSSL 2.9.x and 3.0.x. The new
-  minimum LibreSSL version is 3.1+.
+* **BACKWARDS INCOMPATIBLE:** Dropped support for LibreSSL 2.9.x and 3.0.x.
+  The new minimum LibreSSL version is 3.1+.
+* Deprecated OpenSSL 1.1.0 support. OpenSSL 1.1.0 is no longer supported by
+  the OpenSSL project. Support for compiling with OpenSSL 1.1.0 will be
+  removed in a future release.
 
 .. _v36-0-0:
 
diff --git a/docs/installation.rst b/docs/installation.rst
index 71603a623..6a5e18e97 100644
--- a/docs/installation.rst
+++ b/docs/installation.rst
@@ -36,6 +36,10 @@ OpenSSL releases:
 In addition we test against several versions of LibreSSL and the latest commit
 in BoringSSL.
 
+.. warning::
+
+    Cryptography 37.0.0 has deprecated support for OpenSSL 1.1.0.
+
 
 Building cryptography on Windows
 --------------------------------
diff --git a/src/cryptography/hazmat/bindings/openssl/binding.py b/src/cryptography/hazmat/bindings/openssl/binding.py
index 92d5b2448..752409769 100644
--- a/src/cryptography/hazmat/bindings/openssl/binding.py
+++ b/src/cryptography/hazmat/bindings/openssl/binding.py
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import collections
 import threading
 import types
 import typing
+import warnings
 
 import cryptography
 from cryptography import utils
@@ -179,6 +180,20 @@ class Binding(object):
         cls._ensure_ffi_initialized()
 
 
+def _verify_openssl_version(lib):
+    if (
+        lib.CRYPTOGRAPHY_OPENSSL_LESS_THAN_111
+        and not lib.CRYPTOGRAPHY_IS_LIBRESSL
+        and not lib.CRYPTOGRAPHY_IS_BORINGSSL
+    ):
+        warnings.warn(
+            "OpenSSL version 1.1.0 is no longer supported by the OpenSSL "
+            "project, please upgrade. A future version of cryptography will "
+            "drop support for it.",
+            utils.DeprecatedIn37,
+        )
+
+
 def _verify_package_version(version):
     # Occasionally we run into situations where the version of the Python
     # package does not match the version of the shared object that is loaded.
@@ -203,3 +218,5 @@ def _verify_package_version(version):
 _verify_package_version(cryptography.__version__)
 
 Binding.init_static_locks()
+
+_verify_openssl_version(Binding.lib)
diff --git a/src/cryptography/utils.py b/src/cryptography/utils.py
index 2b84db216..1b0e4bb70 100644
--- a/src/cryptography/utils.py
+++ b/src/cryptography/utils.py
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ PersistentlyDeprecated2017 = CryptographyDeprecationWarning
 PersistentlyDeprecated2019 = CryptographyDeprecationWarning
 DeprecatedIn35 = CryptographyDeprecationWarning
 DeprecatedIn36 = CryptographyDeprecationWarning
+DeprecatedIn37 = CryptographyDeprecationWarning
 
 
 def _check_bytes(name: str, value: bytes) -> None: